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JS Terminology > 220-1101 Hardware 3.1 > Flashcards

220-1101 Hardware 3.1 Flashcards

Learn basic cable types and their connectors, features and purposes.

1
Q

Computers measure storage and data transfer rates in terms of what?

A

bits

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2
Q

What is a bit?

A

The term bit refers to binary digit. A single “bit” can store one of two values: 1 or 0. And is display using a lowercase “b”.

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3
Q

What is Nibble?

A

A Nibble is 4 bits.

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4
Q

What is a Byte?

A

A byte is 8 bits. Is displayed using an uppercase “B”.

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5
Q

What is a Kilobit?

A

1000 bits(1Kb), 1Kbps(1Kilobit per second).

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6
Q

What is Mega?

A

Meaning 1,000,000(1 million) so you can have 1Mb(1 Megabit) or 1MB(1 Megabyte).

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7
Q

What is a Giga?

A

Meaning 1,000,000,000(1 billion) so you can have 1Gb(1 Gigabit) or 1GB( 1 Gigabyte)

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8
Q

What is a Tera?

A

Meaning 1,000,000,000,000(1 trillion) so you can have 1Tb(1 Terabit) or 1TB(1 Terabyte).

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9
Q

What does USB stand for?

A

Universal Serial Bus.

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10
Q

What is a Host Controller?

A

Uses the same amount of bandwidth for all devices in a port.

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11
Q

Long Cable vs Short Cable

A

Longer cables have higher changes of resistance and speed and signal deterioration. A short cable will give maximum performance.

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12
Q

USB types

A

Type A, C, B,

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13
Q

USB Type A

A

Most commonly used on desktop and laptops. Came from the old USB 1.0, 1.1, 2.0. And is still supported in 3 and above. Flat Rectangular Connector.

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14
Q

USB Type C

A

The more modern style of connector and is a lot easier to use. Came out with USB 3 and beyond. More like an oval shape and can be inserted in any direction.

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15
Q

USB Type B

A

Seen now with older devices using 2.0. Found on larger devices like printers. A square shape port with corners rounded on the type.

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16
Q

Which USB supports 480bps?

A

USB 2.0

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17
Q

USB Type B sizes

A

Type B connector, Type B mini connector, Type B micro connector, and USB 3 Type B Micro Super Speed.

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18
Q

USB Type B Mini

A

Looks more like a trapezoid with a longer base and shorter top and ten goes up at an angle on the sides. Found on early tablets and smartphones mainly replaced by Type C

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19
Q

USB Type B micro

A

Connector is shorter and skinnier than both Type B and Type B mini. Mainly seen on small devices like wearables.

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20
Q

USB 3 Type B Micro Super Speed

A

Almost looks like a figure eight shape. Mainly seen on the back of portable storage devices.

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21
Q

What does HDMI stand for?

A

High Definition Multimedia Interface.

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22
Q

What is HDCP or HDMI Digital Content Proction?

A

HDCP allows a device to validate the connection.

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23
Q

HDMI Types

A

Type A(Full-size connector), Type C(Mini Connector), and Type D(Micro Connector).

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24
Q

HDMI Categories

A

Two Categories of HDMI. Category 1 or Standard supports 1080p and 60 hertz. And category 2 and category 2.1 or High Speed has greater length of distance and higher resolution, supports 18Gbps and Ultra-high speed of 48Gbps used for data transfer.

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25
Q

DisplayPort(DP)

A

Is the competitor to HDMI. Has the same capabilities as HDMI. And can support high speed data transfer up to 20Gbps.

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26
Q

Display Port Form Factors

A

Full Size DisplayPort or Standard. And Mini DisplayPort (MDP or MiniDP)

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27
Q

What is DVI?

A

Digital Visual Interface(DVI). Was designed to support both analog and digital outputs. Is older tech that came out in the 1990’s.

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28
Q

DVI Cable Types?

A

DVI-A(Analog only supports analog), DVI-D(Only supports digital signals), DVI-I(Supports both Analog and digital because of how the cable pinout was made)

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29
Q

What is VGA?

A

Video Graphics Array(VGA). VGA is a “D” shaped connector with only 15 pins. Is older tech, not commonly seen or used unless using older or legacy systems.

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30
Q

What is the Thunderbolt cable?

A

Is a display interface like HDMI and DisplayPort, but can do data transfer which is what it is mainly used for.

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31
Q

Thunderbolt Types

A

Thunderbolt 1 & 2( a physical connector that looks like mini DisplayPort). And Thunderbolt 3(Changed the physical interface to use the port connector as USB-C). Thunderbolt 4(supports up to 40Gbps, but is only 2 feet long)

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32
Q

Lightening Cable

A

A specific proprietary connector created by Apple for mobile devices. Like USB are fully reversible.

33
Q

What is SATA?

A

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment(SATA). Standard method of connection for a storage device to a motherboard inside a desktop computer. Originally designed to be just an internal connection.

34
Q

SATA Cable Types

A

SATA 7-pin data cable, and SATA 15-pin power connector.

35
Q

SATA 7-pin versions

A

SATA 1(Supports speeds up to 150Mbps). SATA 2(Supports speeds of up to 3000Mbps). SATA 3(Supports speeds of up to 6000Mbps, not all hard drives are not that fast)

36
Q

What is eSATA?

A

External SATA. Cable outside of the case, made to be used on the outside for external hard drives because of the high SATA speeds. Supports speed of 480 Mbps.

37
Q

Types of eSATA?

A

eSATA 2 has speeds of 3Gbps. eSATA 3 has speeds of 6Gbps.

38
Q

What is IDE stand for?

A

Integrated Drive Electronics. Also known as PATA, was common back in the 90’s and early 2000’s before SATA.

39
Q

What does PATA stand for?

A

Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment(PATA). Uses IDE cables and connectors and standards but is differentiated from SATA. Looks like a gray tape of flat ribbon cable that has 40 pins.

40
Q

What is a MOLEX connector?

A

A 4-pin connector attached directly from the power supply to a device.

41
Q

What is SCSI stand for?

A

Small Computer Systems Interface(SCSI). Legacy parallel bus connector that allows multiple devices to be daisy chained together. Does operate very slowly in comparison to SATA. Maximum speed was 320Mbps.

42
Q

SCSI Types

A

Narrow SCSI(supports up to 7 devices). Wide SCSI(Supports up to 15 devices.

43
Q

SCSI Cable Types

A

High Density Cable(68pins). Single Connector Attachment(SCA has 80 pins)

44
Q

Types of Twisted Pair Cable

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair(UTP), Shielded Twisted Pair(STP)

45
Q

What is UTP?

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair. The twisted pair cabling that doesn’t use any metal in the shielding, and is cheaper and easier to use. For local area networks.

46
Q

What is STP?

A

Shielded Pair. The twisted pair with a metal foil and braided metallic shield wrapping inside the cable sheath. Expensive.

47
Q

The two types of twisted pair connectors

A

RJ45, and RJ11

48
Q

RJ45

A

type of twisted pair connector. Commonly used and seen.

49
Q

RJ11

A

type of twisted pair connector. Six pin connector, you see for phone systems like a landline jack.

50
Q

Registered Jack(RJ)

A

carries data that specifies the standards a device needs to connect to a phone or data network.

51
Q

What is bandwidth

A

The theoretical measure of how much data could be transferred from a source to its destination.

52
Q

What is Throughput

A

The actual measure of how much data is successfully transferred from a source to its destination.

53
Q

Categories of Cabling

A

Cat5, Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6a, Cat7, Cat8

54
Q

Cat6a, and Cat7 can different from other Cat Cables how?

A

Is 10 G based T networks and can operate up to a maximum of 100 meters at a speed of 10 gigabits per second.

55
Q

Ethernet Standard

A

A designation given to a particular category that provides the ability to understand the bandwidth and the cable type to be used.

56
Q

Straight-Through Cable(Patch Cable)

A

Also known as Patch Cable. Contains the exact same pinouts on both ends of the cable.
Patch Cable:
DTE to DCE
DCE to DTE

57
Q

568B Standard

A

Used when wiring jacks inside buildings

58
Q

Crossover Cable

A

Swaps the send and receive pins on the other end of the cable when the connector and its pinout are created.
Crossover Cable:
DTE to DTE
DCE to DCE

59
Q

What is MDIX

A

Medium Dependent Interface Crossover(MDIX): An automated way to electronically simulate using a crossover cable.

60
Q

Types of cables for physical construction

A

Direct Burial, Plenum, Non-Plenum.

61
Q

Direct Burial cable

A

A cable with a stronger sheathing and jacket that can withstand weather conditions, can go directly into ground and be covered with dirt and concrete, cement.

62
Q

Plenum Cable

A

A special coating put on a UTP and STP cables that provides fire-retardant chemical layer to the other insulating jacket. Used for ceilings, walls, raised floor, and air ducts.

63
Q

Fiber Optic Cable

A

Uses light from an LED or laser to transmit information through a thin glass fiber. Very expensive.

64
Q

Fiber Optic Cable Categories

A

Single Mode(SMF), and Multimode(MMF).

65
Q

Single Mode(SMF) Fiber Optic Cable

A

Used for longer distances and has smaller core size of 8.3-10 microns in diameter because it forces the light to travel along a single path. More expensive, yellow sheath.

66
Q

Multimode(MMF) Fiber Optic Cable

A

Used for shorter distances and has larger core size at 50-100 microns. Allows light to start bouncing around and refracting.

67
Q

Fiber Optic Cable Connector Types

A

Subscriber(SC), Straight Tip(ST), Lucent(LC), Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack(MTRJ) connector(s).

68
Q

Subscriber Fiber Optic Connector(SC)

A

More commonly known as the square connector. Not expensive, easy to install. Stick and Click.

69
Q

Straight Tip Fiber Optic Connector(ST)

A

One of the oldest fiber connectors. Has both a transmit and receive cable. Low cost, easy to use. Stick and Twist.

70
Q

Lucent Fiber Optic Connector(LC)

A

Newer and smaller version of an SC connector. Transmit and receive connectors are side by side. Love Connector.

71
Q

Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack(MTRJ)

A

Very popular and widely used with networking devices because of its small from factor.

72
Q

Coaxial Cable(Coax)

A

One of the oldest categories of copper media that is still used in networking today.

73
Q

Coaxial Cable Parts

A

Center Core, Insulator, Metallic Shield, Braided Metal Shielding, Plastic jacket.

74
Q

Coaxial Cable Types

A

RG-6, RG-59

75
Q

Coaxial Cable Connectors

A

F-Type, Bayonet Neill-Concelman(BNC) or British Naval Connector, and Twinaxial Cable.

76
Q

F-Type Coaxial Cable

A

The more common connector

77
Q

Bayonet Neill-Concelman(BNC)

A

Also known as the British Naval Connector. Older connector. Doesn’t have to completely screwed on like F-type.

78
Q

Twinaxial Coaxial Cable

A

Similar to coaxial cable but uses two inner conductors to carry the data instead of just one.

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