Herniations

Question 0

Parahippocampal/transtentorial

Answer 0

Medial part of temporal lobe across the tentorium cerebelli

-also called an UNCAL herniation if only the anteromedial part of temp lobe is involved

Question 1

Subfalcine

Answer 1

Herniation of the cingulate gyrus beneath the falx cerbri

-compresses ACA

Question 2

Tonsillar

Answer 2

Herniation of cerebellar tonsils through foramen magnum

-cuts off vascular supply to medulla resulting in respiratory and cardiac failure

Question 3

Superior cerebellar

Answer 3

Herniation of cerebellum upwards through the tentorium

-compresses PCA

Question 4

Bilateral (central) transtentorial or diencephalic

Answer 4

Herniation through the tentorium cerebelli, usually due to edema of entire cortex
-Duret hemorrhage

Question 5

External herniation

Answer 5

Cut hole to relieve pressure

Question 7

Consequences of herniation

Answer 7

1. Compresses blood supply
2. Compresses nerves
3. Duret hemorrhages (death…brainstem hemhorrages, secondary to transtentorial herniation)