223 Flashcards by Love Class

All of the following are branches of the trigeminal nerve EXCEPT
ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular
greater petrosal

greater petrosal

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All of the following cranial nerves are associated with taste EXCEPT
O CNV
O CN VII
O CN IX
O CNX

CNV

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Motor is the primary function for all of the following cranial nerves EXCEPT the
oculomotor
abducens
trochlear
vestibulocochlear
accessory

vestibulocochlear

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Audition and vestibular functions are associated with which of the following lobes of the brain?
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

Temporal

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Sensory is the primary function for all of the following nerves EXCEPT the
optic nerve
vestibulocochlear nerve
hypoglossal
olfactory

hypoglossal

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All of the following cranial nerves are motor in function EXCEPT the
A
O oculomotor
O olfactory
O accessory
O trochlear

olfactory

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Which of the following cranial nerves is associated with balance

CNV
CN VIII
CN IX
CN XII

CN VIII

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The nerve commonly called the vagus nerve is the

Ninth cranial
Tenth cranial
Eleventh cranial
Fourth cranial

Tenth cranial

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Which of the following nerves is responsible for movements of the tongue?
CNV
CN VII
CN IX
CN XII

CN XII

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All of the following cranial nerves are associated with the movements of the eye EXCEPT
O CN II
O CN IlI
O CNIV
O CN VI

CN II

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Taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is mediated by the
Trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
None of the above

Facial nerve

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All of the following cranial nerves are associated with the movements of the eye EXCEPT
O CNII
O CN IlI
O CNIV
O CNVI

CNII

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Which of the following nerve convey auditory stimuli?

CNII
CN VII
CN VIlI
CN XI
CN XII

CN VIlI

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Olfactory sensation is convey by the
CNI
CNII
CNIlI
CNIV
CNV

CN I

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Which of the following cranial nerves is associated with balance
O CNV
O CN VIII
O CN IX
O CN XII

CN VIII

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Commonly called the vagus nerve is the
O Ninth cranial
O Tenth cranial
O Eleventh cranial
O Fourth cranial

Teeth cranial

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All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers EXCEPT
O CNII
O CN VII
O CN IX
O CNX

CNII

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Which of the following nerves is responsible for movements of the tongue?
O CNV
O CN VII
O CN IX
O CN XII

CN XII

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Sensory function to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue is mediated by the
nerve.

Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Hypoglossal

Glossopharyngeal

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There are ______ pairs of cranial nerves.
12
21
31
43
None of the above

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All of the following are branches of the trigeminal nerve EXCEPT
ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular
greater petrosal

greater petrosal

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All of the following cranial nerves are associated with taste EXCEPT
CN V
CN VII
CN IX
CN X

CN V

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Sensory is the primary function for all of the following nerves EXCEPT the
optic nerve
vestibulocochlear nerve
hypoglossal
olfactory

hypoglossal

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All of the following cranial nerves are motor in function EXCEPT the
oculomotor
olfactory
accessorv
trochlear

olfactory

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Motor is the primary function for all of the following cranial nerves EXCEPT the oculomotor abducens trochlear trochlear. vestibulocochlear accessory

vestibulocochlear

As a result of a viral infection, a patient has suffered destruction to the anterior gray horns in the lumbar region. What manifestations would you expect from this neurologic damage: Numbness in the feet Intense leg pain Deterioration of motor activity in the legs and feet Inability to move the fingers Numbness in the fingers

Deterioration of motor activity in the legs and feet

The spinal cord: Contains only sensory neurons Contains only motor neurons Contains only interneurons Is exactly as long as the vertebral canal None of the above

None of the above

_____ are found within the dorsal root ganglion Cell bodies of motor neurons Cell bodies of sensory neurons Cell bodies of cortical neurons Cell bodies of smooth muscle cells Cell bodies of skeletal muscle cells

Cell bodies of sensory neurons

The spinal cord runs from the foramer magnum to the level of the _ vertebra. 10th thoracic 2nd sacral 1st lumbar 4th lumber 22nd cervical

Ist lumbar

There are pairs of cervical spinal nerves and _ pairs of thoracic spinal nerves. Seven (7) - 12 Eight (8) - 11 Seven (7) - 11 Eight (8) - 12 None of the above

Eight (8-12)

There are._ pairs of lumbar nerves and ______ pairs of sacral spinal nerves Five (5) - 5 Five (5) - 1 Five (5) - 3 Three (3) - 5 None of the above

five (5-5)

The spinal cord is enlarged at the _ and regions Cervical - thoracic Thoracic - lumbar Cervical - lumbar Thoracic - sacral None of the above

Cervical - lumbar

The spinal cord passes through the Foramen ovale Foramen magnum Foramen rotundum Jugular foramen

Foramen magnum

The conus medullaris is the tapering point at the end of the spinal cord. It is located at approximately at the level of T1-L2 T1-T12 L1-12 L5-51 52-54

L1-L2

The tail end of the spinal cord is not "hanging loose." It is actually anchored via the _ which connects to the cocc bone. Cauda equine Filum terminale Conus medullaris Cingulate rotundum None of the above

Filum terminale

Which of the following transmit information from the spinal cord to the extremities of the body? Dorsal root Ventral root Lateral root Dorsal root ganglion All of the above

Ventral root

The spinal cord consists of ascending and descending tracts. Which of the following is correct in reference to those tracts? The ascending tracts are found in the white matter and transmit sensory information. The descending tracts are found in the gray matter and transmit motor information. The ascending tracts are found in the gray matter and transmit sensory information. The descending tracts are found in the white matter and transmit motor information. Both tracts are found in the white matter. The ascending tract transmits sensory information while the descending tracts transmit motor information. Both A & B are correct. Only A & C are correct

Both tracts are found in the white matter. The ascending tract transmits sensory information while the descending tracts transmit motor information.g

There are _____ pairs of spinal nerve. Twelve (12_ Twenty-four (24) Thirty-one (31) Forty-six (46) Fifty (50)

The deep groove on the ventral surface that extend the length of the spinal cord is the Anterior median fissure Central canal Central sulcus Median longitudinal fissure

Anterior median fissure

Which of the following is NOT one of the four regions into which the spinal cord is divided? Coccygeal Lumbar Thoracic Cervical Sacral

Coccygeal

The spinal cord is continuous superiorly with the Cerebellum Medulla oblongata Midbrain Pons

Medulla oblongata

The inferior end of the spinal cord is anchored to the coccyx by the Cauda equine Conus medullaris Fílum terminale Tectum None of the above

Fílum terminale

The reflex arc contains a Sensory reception Sensory neuron Motor neuron All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following are potential causes for spinal cord injuries? Motor vehicle collisions Falls Violent injuries Sport injuries All of the above

All of the above

Diagnostic tools to assess spinal cord injury include X-ray CT scan MRI All of the above

All of the above

In a "fight-or-flight" situation, which of the following physiological changes may be experienced? All of the above dilation of the respiratory airways increased sweating dilation of the peripheral blood vessels and in skeletal muscles

All of the above

All of the following are examples of parasympathetic discharge EXCEPT contraction of the urinary bladder relaxation of the sphincters of the digestive tract increased salivation increased heart rate

increased heart rate

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers to effectors EXCEPT oculomotor facial glossopharyngeal Correct! hypoglossal

hypoglossal

Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is INCORRECT? pre-ganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral region of the spinal cord post-ganglionic neurons are located in ganglia within or adjacent to effectors pre-ganglionic fibers are myelinated and short while post-ganglionic fibers are long the effects of the parasympathetic division are more specific and localized than those of the sym pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic neurons release only acetylcholine

pre-ganglionic fibers are myelinated and short white post-ganglionic fibers are long

Norepinephrine is secreted at the dendrite ending parasympathetic preganglionic nerve endings most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings sympathetic preganglionic nerve endings

most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings

A student is about to take a final exam. One hour prior to the exam, the student experiences jitters, an elevated heart rate, an increase in blood pressure, increased respiration, cold sweats, and cold feet & hands. The symptoms are the result of sympathetic activation decreased levels of epinephrine in the blood increased parasympathetic activity decreased sympathetic activity

sympathetic activation

All preganglionic autonomic fibers release at their synaptic terminals, and the effects are always norepinephrine, inhibitory norepinephrine, excitatory acetylcholine, inhibitory acetylcholine, excitatory

Acetylcholine, excitatory

Alpha and beta receptors are components of the sympathetic system parasympathetic system central nervous system peripheral nervous system

Sympathetic system

The parasympathetic system is also termed the _____ division acetylcholine norepinephrine epinephrine dopamine Craniosacral

Craniosacral

For the sympathetic division of the ANS, the neurotransmitter released at the neuroeffector junction is acetylcholine norepinephrine epinephrine dopamine dobutamine

Norepinephrine

All of the following statements are correct for the sacral division of the parasympathetic division EXCEPT preganglionic fibers project through the pelvic nerve mediate smooth muscle contraction in the descending colon mediate penile erection mediate ejaculation

mediate ejaculation

Muscarinic receptors are found at myoneural and neuroglandular junctions and are activated by acetylcholine release are located on the surface of ganglion cells Produce an excitatory or inhibitory response are activated by norepinephrine

are activated by acetylcholine release

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors are components of the sympathetic system parasympathetic system central nervous system peripheral nervous system

parasympathetic system

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate from T1-T2 of the spinal cord T1-L2 of the spinal cord L1-L4 of the spinal cord S2-54 of the spinal cord

T1-L2 of the spinal cord

Which of the following statements regarding the sympathetic postganglionic neurons is most correct? They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons Neurotransmitters release from sympathetic postganglionic neurons binds to nicotinic receptors they secrete only norepinephrine they have norepinephrine receptors on their dendrites

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons

is the neurotransmitter released at the postsynaptic cleft of sweat glands. Norepinephrine Epinephrine Acetylcholine Dopamine

Acetylcholine

Neuroendocrine cells in the adrenal gland are located in the adrenal cortex release acetylcholine into blood capillaries release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries have no endocrine function do not release neurotransmitters (neuroendocrine chemicals) when stimulated

release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers EXCEPT CN II CN VII CN IX CN X

CN II

Urination (micturition) is under Sympathetic control Parasympathetic control Somatic motor control None of the above

Parasympathetic control

Drugs that have effects similar to those of norepinephrine and epinephrine are called sympathomimetic drugs. Which of the following symptoms would you NOT expect to observe in a person who has taken an excess of sympathomimetic drugs? Sweating increased heart rate rapid respiration decreased blood pressure dilated pupils

decreased blood pressure

All of the following statements are correct for the sacral division of the parasympathetic division EXCEPT • preganglionic fibers project through the pelvic nerve O mediate smooth muscle contraction in the descending colon O mediate penile erection • mediate ejaculation

mediate ejaculation

Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is INCORRECT pre-ganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral region of the spinal cord post-ganglionic neurons are located in ganglia within or adjacent to effectors pre-ganglionic fibers are myelinated and short while post-ganglionic fibers are long the effects of the parasympathetic division are more specific and localized than those of the sympathetic division pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic neurons release only acetylcholine

pre-ganglionic fibers are myelinated and short while post-ganglionic fibers are long

decreased blood pressure

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons

_____ is the neurotransmitter released at the postsynaptic cleft of sweat glands. Norepinephrine Epinephrine Acetylcholine Dopamine

Acetylcholine

release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries

Muscarinic receptors are found at myoneural and neuroglandular junctions and are activated by acetylcholine release are located on the surface of ganglion cells produce an excitatory or inhibitory response are activated by norepinephrine

are activated by acetylcholine release

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors are components of the sympathetic system parasympathetic system central nervous system peripheral nervous system

parasympathetic system

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate from T1-T2 of the spinal cord T1-L2 of the spinal cord L1-L4 of the spinal cord S2-54 of the spinal cord

T1-L2 of the spinal cord

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers EXCEPT CN II CN VII CN IX CNX

CN II

Norepinephrine is secreted at the dendrite ending parasympathetic preganglionic nerve endings most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings sympathetic preganglionic nerve endings

most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings

All of the following are examples of parasympathetic discharge EXCEPT contraction of the urinary bladder relaxation of the sphincters of the digestive tract increased salivation increased heart rate

increased heart rate

In a "fight-or-flight" situation, which of the following physiological changes may be experienced? dilation of the respiratory airways increased sweating dilatation of peripheral blood vessels and in skeletal muscles all of the above

All of the above

All preganglionic autonomic fibers release ____ at their synaptic terminals, and the effects are always ____ norepinephrine, inhibitory norepinephrine, excitatory acetylcholine, inhibitory acetylcholine, excitatory

acetylcholine, excitatory

A student is about to take a final exam. One hour prior to the exam, the student experiences jitters, an elevated heart rate, an increase in blood pressure, increased respiration, cold sweats, and cold feet & hands. The symptoms are the result of sympathetic activation decreased levels of epinephrine in the blood Increased parasympathetic activity decreased sympathetic activity only A & C are correct

sympathetic activation

For the sympathetic division of the ANS, the neurotransmitter released at the neuroeffector junction is • acetylcholine • norepinephrine • epinephrine •dopamine

norepinephrine

Signs and symptoms associated with parasympathetic discharge are Miosis (pupillary constriction) Contraction of smooth muscles in the bronchi Contraction of smooth muscles in the urinary bladder Decreasing the frequency/rate of cardiac muscle contraction All of the above

All of the above

All of the following are parasympathetic ganglia EXCEPT Celiac Pterygopalatine Otic Intramural Ciliary

Celiac

Which of the following statements is most correct for the ANS? Sympathetic discharge is more diffuse while those of parasympathetic is more localized Sympathetic fibers arise from the thoracic and lumbar segments of the spinal cord Parasympathetic is primarily involved in homeostasis Denervation of the parasympathetic division will result in death All of the above

All of the above

The parasympathetic system is also termed the thoracolumbar craniosacral Jumbosacral abdominopelvic

craniosacral

Alpha and beta receptors are components of the sympathetic system parasympathetic system central nervous.system peripheral nervous system

sympathetic system

mediate ejaculation

is the neurotransmitter released at the postsynaptic cleft of sweat glands. Norepinephrine Epinephrine Acetylcholine Dopamine

Acetylcholine

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons

release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries

are activated by acetylcholine release

Drugs that have effects similar to those of norepinephrine and epinephrine are called sympathomimetic drugs. Which of the following symptoms would you NOT expect to observe in a person who has taken an excess of sympathomimetic drugs? • Sweating increased heart rate • rapid respiration • decreased blood pressure dilated pupils

decreased blood pressure

They are usually longer than preganglionic neurons

is the neurotransmitter released at the postsynaptic cleft of sweat glands. • Norepinephrine • Epinephrine Acetylcholine Dopamine

Acetylcholine

Damage to the nerve will result in the inability to move the muscles of facial expression. Trigeminal Facial Glossopharyngeal Accessory None of the above

Facial

Anosmia is the inability to _____ and results from damage to CN _____ Smell; I See: Il Feel pain; V Balance; VIl Detect pressure; 1X

Smell; I

Which of the following cranial nerve is responsible for shrugging the shoulder and head turning? Hypoglossal Vagus Spinal accessory Trigeminal Facial

Spinal accessory

All the following cranial nerves are motor in function EXCEPT the oculomotor olfactory accessorv mrochiear maboucer

olfactory

The Roman numerals assigned to each cranial nerve reflect the order or their discoverv. the sequence from anterior to posterior in which they emerge from the brain their importance. with highest numbers being the most important. the complexity of each nerve, with complex nerves having higher numbers the sequence from posterior to anterior in which they emerge from the brain.

the sequence from anterior to posterior in which they emerge from the brain

The oculomotor nerve innervates all the muscles that move the eyeball. adjusts pupil size to the level of lighting. transmits action potentials from the retina. controls the organ of balance. innervates two of the six muscles that move the eyeball.

adjusts pupil size to the level of lighting.

Ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid) of the left eye would be caused by damage to the facial nerve abducens nerve trochlear nerve. oculomotor nerve. optic nerve.

oculomotor nerve.

A fracture of the cribriform plate might injure the cranial nerve? Glossopharyngeal Trigeminal Olfactory Facial Optic

Olfactory

Bell's palsy is associated with which cranial nerves? Trigeminal Facial Glossopharyngeal Vagus Hypoglossal

Facial

The facial and glossopharyngeal nerves innervate the salivary glands control movement of the tongue are involved in the sense of smell carry pain from the teeth

innervate the salivary glands

All the following statements about the spinal cord are true/correct EXCEPT It is approximately 18 inches in length It contains both sensory and motor nuclei It is associated with 31 pairs of spinal nerves It is part of the PNS it is covered by the meninges

It is part of the PNS

The dorsal root of a spinal nerve is the site for _____ neurons, while the ventral root is the site of _____ neurons. CNS, PNS Sensory, motor Efferent, afferent Motor, sensory None of the above

Sensory, motor

The cervical enlargement of the spinal cord supplies nerves to the Pelvis and legs Should girdle and arms Thorax and abdomen Bk and lumbar region None of the above

Should girdle and arms

The white matter of the spinal cord contains Sensory and motor nuclei Somatic and visceral nuclei Cell bodies of neurons and glial cells Large numbers of myelinated axons

Large numbers of myelinated axons

The area of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal and is dominated by the cell bodies of neurons and glial cells is the White matter Ascending tracts Descending tracts Gray matter Substantia nigra

• Gray matter

The posterior gray horns of the spinal cord contain Ascending and descending tracts Somatic and visceral sensory nuclei Somatic and visceral motor nuclei Anterior and posterior columns None of the above

Somatic and visceral sensory nuclei

Damage to the ____ nerve will result in the inability to move the muscles of facial expression. Trigeminal Facial Glossopharyngeal Accessory None or the above

Facial

Tic douloureux is a painful neuralgia associated with the abaucens olfactorv trigeminal vagus facial

trigeminal

Which of the following nerves is responsible for movements of the tongue? • CNV O CN VII O CNIX O CNX • CN XII

CN XII

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers to effectors EXCEPT • oculomotor • facial • g ossopharyngeal • hypoglossal

hypoglossal

Parasympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies are located in: the white columns of the sacral segments of the spinal cord the lateral gray columns of thoracic segments of the spinal cord nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral division of the spinal cord collateral ganelia chain ganglia

nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral division of the spinal cord

All of the following are examples of sympathetic stimulation EXCEPT Constriction of the bronchioles Decreased secretion of the pancreas Constriction of the urinary sphincters Dilation of skeletal muscle blood vessels Increased heart rate and force of contraction

Constriction of the bronchioles

The parasympathetic system is also termed the ____ division • thoracolumbar • craniosacral • lumbosacral • abdominopelvic .

craniosacral

nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral division of the spinal cord

Alpha and beta receptors are components of the sympathetic system parasympathetic system central nervous system peripheral nervous system

sympathetic system

Signs and symptoms associated with parasympathetic discharge are O Miosis (pupillary constriction) Contraction of smooth muscles in the bronchi Contraction of smooth muscles in the urinary bladder Decreasing the frequency/rate of cardiac muscle contraction All of the above

All of the above

All of the following are parasympathetic ganglia EXCEPT Celiac Pterygopalatine Otic Intramural Ciliary

Celiac

All of the above

Cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers originating from the sacral division travel through the urinary bladder and lower colon. splanchnic pudental pelvic femoral sciatic

pelvic

Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter secreted by all of the following neurons EXCEPT Preganglionic parasympathenic nbers Preganglionic sympathetic hbers Postganglionic parasympathetic hers Postganglionic sympathete hbers Somatic motor neuron and neuromuscular unction

Postganglionic sympathete hbers

Nicotinic receptors are located on the Postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons Postganglionic parasympathetic and parasympathetic effectors Postganglionic sympathetic neurons and sympathetic effectors Neuroeffector junctions of both sympathetic and parasympathetic

Postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons

The reason why the sympathetic division of the ANS is termed the thoracolumbar system (division) because its preganglionic neurons' cell bodies of the spinal cord are located in the gray matter of the thoracic and lumbar segments the axons of the preganglionic neurons control thoracolumbar inflow it controls only organs and muscles in the thoracic and lumbar areas of the body sensory stimulation is received via all thoracic and lumber nerve roots

its preganglionic neurons' cell bodies of the spinal cord are located in the gray matter of the thoracic and lumbar segments

All postganglionic neurons have receptors. Alpha adrenergic Beta adrenergic Nicotinic Muscarinic Dopaminergic

Nicotinic

The cell bodies of the preganglionic parasympathetic division arise in the brain stem and the sacral region of the spinal cord, and they travel along which of the following cranial nerves? Oculomotor (CN IN Facial (CN VII) Glossopharyngeal (CN 1X) Vagus (CN X) All of the above

All of the above

All postganglionic neurons have receptors. Alpha adrenergic Beta adrenergic Nicotinic Muscarinic Dopaminergicc

Nicotinic

All of the following are innervated by autonomic motor neurons EXCEPT: skeletal muscle cells. smooth muscle cells. glands. cardiac muscle cells.

skeletal muscle cells.

In a "fight-or-flight" situation, which of the following physiological changes may be experienced? • Dilation of the respiratory airways • Increased sweating • Increased heart rate and force or contraction • Dilatation of peripheral blood vessels and in skeletal muscles • All of the above

All of the above

The two primary types of cholinergic receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system are Alpha-adrenergic, beta adrenergic Muscarinic, nicotinic Alpha-adrenergic, nicotinic Muscarinic, histaminergic Nicotinic. donaminereic

Muscarinic, nicotinic

Norepinephrine is secreted at the dendrite ending parasympathetic preganglionic nerve endings most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings sympathetic preganglionic nerve endings most postganglionic parasympathetic nerve endings

most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings

The posterior gray horns of the spinal cord contain Ascending and descending tracts Sensory nuclei Motor nuclei Anterior and posterior columns None of the above

Sensory nuclei

Sensory is a function for all the following nerves EXCEPT the optic nerve facial nerve vestibulocochlear nerve hypoglossal olfactory

hypoglossal

Stimulation of which cranial nerves will result in decreased heart rate? Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory Hypoglossal Trigeminal

Vagus

In pharmacological term, an agonist is a substance that binds with a neurotransmitter to enhance its effects a substance that blocks a hormone from applying its effect a substance that prevents a receptor from receiving a hormone a substance that activates a receptor producing the same ettect as a neurotransmitter none or the above

a substance that activates a receptor producing the same ettect as a neurotransmitter

223 Flashcards

(138 cards)