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Digestion System Exam 5 > 224 > Flashcards

224 Flashcards

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1
Q

The more technical term for swelling is
gestation
Mastication
Deglutition
Olfaction

A

Deglutition

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2
Q

Chemical digestion of lipids or fats begins in the
stomach
mouth
small intestine
large intestine

A

mouth

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3
Q

The primary purpose of peristalsis is to
break apart chunks of food and mix it in digestive juices
propel food forward along the Gl tract
absorb food
enable swallowing

A

propel food forward along the Gl tract

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4
Q

Which of the following substrates requires an intrinsic factor for absorption?
Sodium
Vitamin B12
Glucose
All of the above

A

Vitamin B12

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5
Q

Which of the following nerves innervates the muscles of mastication?

The chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve
The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
The accessory branch glossopharyngeal nerve
The recurrent laryngeal nerve of the vagus nerve

A

The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

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6
Q

All of the following are muscles of mastication. Which of the following muscles is involved in opening or lowering the jaw?

The masseter
The temporalis
The medial pterygoid
The lateral pterygoid

A

The lateral pterygoid

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7
Q

Which of the following statements is most correct for deglutition (swallowing)?

The soft palate is pulled upward
The hyoid bone and the larynx is pulled anteriorly and superiorly
The vocal cords are adducted
All of the above
None of the above

A

All of the above

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8
Q

Which of the following organs has a mucosal layer composed of stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium that resists abrasion?
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine

A

Esophagus

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9
Q

After leaving the stomach, chyme enters the
esophagus
duodenum
ascending colon
ileum

A

duodenum

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10
Q

Anatomically, the stomach is divided into the all of the following regions EXCEPT the

fundus
pyloric
cardiac
manubrium

A

manubrium

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11
Q

Cholecystokinin

stimulate the release of gastrin
initiate the constriction of the sphincter of Odi
inhibit gallbladder contraction
all of the above
none of the above

A

none of the above

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12
Q

All of the following functions are associated with the liver EXCEPT
bile synthesis
storage for glucose
synthesis of albumin
lipid digestion and absorption

A

lipid digestion and absorption

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13
Q

Which of the following acts as a lubricant allowing food to pass through the alimentary canal?

Pepsin
Bile
Pancreatic juice
Mucous

A

Mucous

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14
Q

All of the following statements are correct for the pancreas EXCEPT
it is an endocrine gland
it is an exocrine gland
involved in glucose homeostasis
all of the above
none of the above

A

none of the above

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15
Q

All of the following statements are correct for the digestive system EXCEPT
colorectal cancer results from a high protein, high fat, low fiber diet
the most common cause for pancreatitis in the US is excessive alcohol consumption
lactose intolerance is more common in Asian than Caucasian
all of the above
none of the above

A

none of the above

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16
Q

Which of the following statements is most correct for the gallbladder?
It stores bile
It is the site for bile synthesizes
It is stimulated by secretin
It is involved in fat digestion in the stomach

A

It stores bile

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17
Q

The digestive system processes food into __________ that can be absorbed and utilized by the cells.

enzymes
packages
fluids
molecules

A

molecules

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18
Q

Bile is synthesized and secreted by the
parietal cells
stomach
hepatic cells
gallbladder

A

hepatic cells

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19
Q

All of the following statements are correct for the digestive system EXCEPT
the stomach functions in mechanical and chemical digestion
the small intestine functions in nutrient digestion and absorption
the large intestine functions include water and electrolytes absorption
all of the above
none of the above

A

none of the above

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20
Q

Which of the following statements is correct for gastric secretion?
the cephalic phase involves the sight, sounds, or thought of food
the gastric phase is initiated when food enters the stomach
the intestinal phase is initiated when food enters the duodenum
all of the above

A

all of the above

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21
Q

Which of the following substances lubricates and protects the epithelium?
O Mucous
O Water
O Enzymes
O Hormones

A

Mucous

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22
Q

The outer most layer of the esophagus is the
mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa

A

serosa

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23
Q

Which of the following digestive enzymes is contained in saliva?
Pepsin
Trypsin
Amylase
Maltase

A

Amylase

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24
Q

The region of the stomach closest (adjacent) to the esophagus and the gastroesophageal sphincter is the
pyloric region
antrum
cardiac region
fundus

A

cardiac region

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25
Which of the following cells in the stomach produces pepsinogen? G-cells Parietal cells Peptic (chief) cells Enterochromaffin cells
Peptic (chief) cells
26
The primary site for nutrients absorption occurs in the stomach esophagus small intestine large intestine
small intestine
27
After leaving the stomach, chyme enters the O esophagus O duodenum O ascending colon O ileum
duodenum
28
Which phase of gastric secretion is stimulated by the sight, taste, and smell of food? Cephalic Gastric Intestinal Enterogastric
Cephalic
29
The three pairs of salivary glands that secrete into the oral cavity are O alpha, beta, gamma O parotid, sublingual, submandibular O anterior cervical, sublingual, palatopharyngus O gastric, parietal, chief
parotid, sublingual, submandibular
30
Contractions that mix material in the small intestine are called peristalsis deglutition. mass movements segmental contractions.
segmental contractions.
31
The secretions that lubricate the food so it moves easily through the digestive tract and also protects the epithelium are called mucus. water. enzymes. hormones.
mucus
32
The epithelium of the mouth, oropharynx, esophagus and anal canal is simple squamous. stratified squamous. simple columnar. pseudostratified columnar.
stratified squamous
33
The stomach, small intestine and large intestine are lined by simple squamous stratified squamous simple columnar pseudostratified columnar
simple columnar
34
Stimulation of the parasympathetic neurons in the Gl tract will cause inhibition of local secretions. inaibition oflocal secretions. inhibition of peristalsis. stimulation of local secretions. stimulation of peristalsis
stimulation of local secretions.
35
If you suck on a plain piece of bread, it will begin to taste sweet after a few moments. Saliva contains the digestive enzyme _______ breaks down ________ amylase; glucose pepsin; proteins amylase, starch maltase, triglycerides
amylase, starch
36
Which one of the following cells in the gastric glands produce pepsinogen? endocrine cells endocrine cells. mucous neck cells chief cells parietal cells
chief cells
37
The pancreas and liver release their secretions into the stomach. ileum. duodenum. jejunum.
duodenum
38
Trypsinogen when activated by ______ will break down proteins in the ______ enterokinase; pancreatic ducts trypsin; small intestine secretin; pancreatic ducts enterokinase; small intestine
enterokinase; small intestine
39
Stimulation by the parasympathetic nervous system will cause the ______ anal sphincter to ______ external: relax external; contract internal; contract internal; relax
internal; relax
40
The muscular contractions, which move material through the digestive tract, are called peristalsis. deglutition. mass movements. segmental contractions.
peristalsis
41
Starch is broken down to its disaccharide, maltose, by the enzyme O lipase. O maltase. O lactase. O amylase.
amylase
42
The majority of lipase is produced by the salivary glands. stomach. pancreas. small intestine.
pancreas
43
Once absorbed into the epithelial cell of the small intestine, free fatty acids and glycerol are recombined and a protein coat is added to form a chylomicron. micelle. lipoprotein. fatty droplet.
chylomicron
44
Calcium is actively absorbed by the small intestine and this is accelerated by sodium. the intrinsic factor. Vitamin D. Vitamin K.
Vitamin D.
45
The most nutrient absorption takes place in the duodenum and jejunum. stomach and duodenum. jejunum and ileum. esophagus and stomach. Ileum and cecum.
duodenum and jejunum.
46
Which of the following substrates requires an intrinsic factor for absorption? Sodium Vitamin B12 Glucose All of the above
Vitamin B12
47
All of the following are muscles of mastication. Which of the following muscles is involved in opening or lowering the jaw? The masseter The temporalis The medial pterygoid The lateral pterygoid
The lateral pterygoid
48
After leaving the stomach, chyme enters the esophagus duodenum ascending colon ileum
duodenum
49
Bile is synthesized and secreted by the parietal cells stomach hepatic cells gallbladder
hepatic cells
50
The primary purpose of peristalsis is to break apart chunks of food and mix it in digestive juices propel food forward along the Gl tract absorb food enable swallowing
propel food forward along the Gl tract
51
The process which propels materials through the digestive tract is termed peristalsis Deglutation Mass movement Segmentation
peristalsis
52
Which of the following substrates is absorbed in the digestive tract
53
Which of the following substances lubricates and protects the epithelium? Correct! Mucous Water Enzymes Hormones
Mucous
54
Which of the following substrates is absorbed in the digestive tract without being digested? Starch Proteins Vitamins Lipids
Vitamins
55
The typical epithelium of the oral cavity, oropharynx, esophagus and anal canal is simple squamous stratified squamous simple columnar simple cuboidal
stratified squamous
56
_____is synthesized in the stomach and is important for ______ absorption. Gastrin/HCI Intrinsic factor/vitamin B12 Secretin/fat Pepsinogen/carbohydrate
Intrinsic factor/vitamin B12
57
The painful and burning sensation in the chest usually associated with acid reflux into the esophagus is termed peptic ulcer heart burn angina duodenal ulcer
heart burn
58
Chyme entering the duodenum will most likely results in the release of gastric inhibitory peptide, cholecystokinin, which inhibits gastrin secretion more gastrin secretion relaxation of the gallbladder an increased in gastric motility
the release of gastric inhibitory peptide, cholecystokinin, which inhibits gastrin secretion
59
The small intestine contains fingerlike projections called ____ whose function is to____ villi/secret mucous villi/increase surface area rugae/increase surface area and allow for expansion Crypts of Lieberkuhn/produce mucous/digestive enzymes/hormones
villi/increase surface area
60
An 18 year-old Asian male presents to his primary care doctor complaining of stomach pain, bloating, discomfort, and diarrhea after eating dairy products. What is the most likely diagnosis? Diabetes mellitus type I Lactose intolerance Heartburn Appendicitis Cholecystitis
Lactose intolerance
61
Secretions from the liver and pancreas enter the duodenum stomach jejunum none of the above
duodenum
62
Releasing cholecystokinin will most likely result in ct! gallbladder contraction relaxation of the sphincter of Odie (hepatopancreatic sphincter) inhibiting gastrin secretion All of the above
ALl of the above
63
Which of the following statements is most correct for bile? Synthesized and secreted by the liver Stored and concentrated in the gallbladder In general, green in color All of the above
All of the above
64
All of the following substances are stored by the liver EXCEPT copper and iron calcium vitamins glycogen
calcium
65
Bile secretion is stimulated by ____ in response to_____ cholecystokinin/lipids in the chyme secretin/high pH of the chime gastrin/lipids cephalic phase of gastric motility
cholecystokinin/lipids in the chyme
66
Pancreatic islets produce digestive enzymes enterokinase ct! insulin/glucagons/somatostatin mucous
insulin/glucagons/somatostatin
67
The union of the common hepatic duct and the cystic forms the main pancreatic duct or the duct of Wirsung common bile duct duct of Santorini ductus venosum
common bile duct
68
Pepsinogen is activated to pepsin in the presence of . and is involved in digestion. HCO3 /lipids H2S/proteins HCI/carbohydrates HCI/proteins
HCI/proteins
69
Lipids are emulsified by . and digested by lingual lipase/pancreatic lipase amylase/bile salts bile salts/lipase pancreatic lipase/bile
bile salts/lipase
70
A 48 year-old female presents to her doctor complaining of foul, greasy, and smelly stools for the past 4 weeks. The physical exam was remarkable for a thin woman. Laboratory tests confirmed your suspicion for pancreatic cancer. Which of the following enzymes is most likely deficient? Maltase Lactase Bile salt Lipase
Lipase
71
Sucrose, lactose, and maltose are digested primarily in the stomach oral cavity colon brush border of the small intestine
brush border of the small intestine
72
The primary site for nutrients absorption occurs in the stomach esophagus small intestine large intestine
small intestine
73
All of the following are functions of the liver EXCEPT biotransformation of molecule (inter-conversion) synthesis of lipases and carbohydrases storage of glycogen synthesis and secretion of bile
synthesis of lipases and carbohydrases
74
All of the following enzymes are directly or indirectly involved in protein digestion EXCEPT chymotrypsin trypsin pepsin enterokinase amylase
amylase
75
All of the following are functions associated with the large intestine EXCEPT vitamin K production sodium and water absorption mucous production fatty acids absorption
fatty acids absorption
76
All of the following are fat-soluble vitamins EXCEPT A © B D O E O K
B
77
Under aerobic condition, one mole of glucose will yield how many mole of ATP? © Two (2) Twenty-four (24) Thirty-eight(38) Sixty-four (64)
Thirty-eight(38)
78
Which of the following comparison is NOT correct? Bolus - food mixed with saliva in the mouth Chyme - food mixed with gastric secretions leaving the stomach Gastric juice - secretions from intestinal glands Feces - nondigestible remains, bile, and bacteria Peristalsis - rhythmic contractions to propel food along the digestive tract
Gastric juice - secretions from intestinal glands
79
Which of the following hormones will increase gastric motility and gastric secretion? GIP Gastrin Secretin CCK VIP
Gastrin
80
The process of breaking apart or dispersal of lipids into smaller droplets is termed hydrolysis deamination synthesis emulsification
emulsification
81
Which of the following is most correct for defecation? 1/1r rect! It is under sympathetic control Chemoreceptors signal the brain to initiate peristalsis © Evacuation of feces is possible with the relaxation of the internal and external sphincters © Intra-abdominal pressure is low during defecation
Evacuation of feces is possible with the relaxation of the internal and external sphincters
82
The final product of carbohydrates digestion is a disaccharides monosaccharide polysaccharides fatty acids
monosaccharide
83
In the stomach, hydrochloric acid is secreted by which of the following cells? Chief cells Parietal cells G-cells K-cells
Parietal cells
84
The preferred energy fuel of the body is fructose glucose O amino acids fatty acids vitamin
glucose
85
Which phase of gastric secretion is stimulated by the sight, taste, and smell of food? rect! Cephalic Gastric Intestinal Enterogastric
Cephalic
86
Chylomicrons are formed for the transport of carbohydrates proteins rats water soluble vitamins
Fats

Digestion System Exam 5 (2 decks)

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