Skildum Viruses Flashcards
Genome: Enveloped: Capsid: Tropism: Mechanism of Entry and Replication Clincial Disease and Presentation Associated Diseases Diagnosis: treatment: other:
Colorado tick fever virus
Genome: segmented dsRNA
Enveloped: no
Capsid: Icosahedral
Tropism: Erythroblasts and Other Marrow Cells
Mechanism of Entry and Replication: Evades Dicer/RISC by replicating in Cytoplasmic Viral Factories Uses +RNA for transcription template for replication of -RNA strand
Clincial Disease and Presentation: Biphasic Fever, myalgia, light sensitivity, meningoencephalitis UNCOMMONLY: Hemmoragic diease, pericarditits, myocardititis, rash
Associated Diseases: Similar region and presentation to rocky mountain spotted fever
Diagnosis: Immunofluorescent Antibody Test and CBC showing leukopenia nad thrombocytopenia
treatment: none
other:
Genome: Enveloped: Capsid: Tropism: Mechanism of Entry and Replication Clincial Disease and Presentation Associated Diseases Diagnosis: treatment: other:
Parvovirus B19
Genome: ssDNA Enveloped: no Capsid: Icosahedral Tropism: Erythroid Progenitor Cells Mechanism of Entry and Replication: Binds P antigen (globoside) on Erythroid Progenitor Cells Enters and replicates in nucleus
Clincial Disease and Presentation: Erythemia Infectiosum: Fever followed by slapped cheek rash with lacy patterns on extremities
Associated Diseases: Transient Aplastic Crisis in patients with hemolytic anemia Pure Red-Cell Aplasia/Chronic Anemia in immunosuppresed patients Hydrops Fetalis
Diagnosis: B19 IgM antibodies detectable for 3 mo B19 DNA detectable earlier PCR DNA present years after infection
treatment: none
other:
Genome: Enveloped: Capsid: Tropism: Mechanism of Entry and Replication Clincial Disease and Presentation Associated Diseases Diagnosis: treatment: other:
Eppstein Barr virus (HHV4)
Genome: Linear dsDNA
Enveloped: yes
Capsid: Icosahedral
Tropism: Lytic: Epithelial Cells (Linear DNA) Latent: B Cells (Circular DNA)
Mechanism of Entry and Replication: Binds CD21 on B Cells, enters via endocytosis, Genome circularizes and replication occurs in nucleus
Clincial Disease and Presentation: Infectious Mononucleosis: Fever, Pharyngitis, Lymphadenopathy
Associated Diseases: Burkitt’s Lymphoma, Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma X-linked Lymphoproliferative Disease = Fulminating Infectious Mononucleosis Non functional
Diagnosis: Monospot Test: Heterophilic antibodies VCA-IgM = Recent primary infection VCA-IgG = past infection Reactive/Atypical Lymphocytes or Downey Cells
treatment: none
other:
Genome: Enveloped: Capsid: Tropism: Mechanism of Entry and Replication Clincial Disease and Presentation Associated Diseases Diagnosis: treatment: other:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV, a.k.a. HHV5)
Genome: dsDNA Enveloped: yes Capsid: Icosahedral Tropism: Systemic Infection: Epithelial Cells Latent: Lineage Committed Myeloid Cells
Mechanism of Entry and Replication: Viral Glycoprotein attaches to host receptor, enters via endocytosis, and capsid is transported to nucleus.
Clincial Disease and Presentation: CMV Infectious Mononucleous: Fever, Lymphadenopathy, lymphocytosis
Associated Diseases: Fetal Infection (Congenital): Petechiae, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice Immunocompromised: Meningoencephalitis, Retinitis
Diagnosis: Enzyme linked immunoassays for pp65 in neutrophils and Owl Eye Cells as well as Downey Cells
treatment: Ganciclovir for severe systemic infections
other:
Genome: Enveloped: Capsid: Tropism: Mechanism of Entry and Replication Clincial Disease and Presentation Associated Diseases Diagnosis: treatment: other:
Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV6) and HHV7
Genome: dsDNA
Enveloped: yes
Capsid: Icosahedral
Tropism: HHV6 = All Lymphocytes, Low Saliva HHV7 = CD4 Helper T Cell, high saliva
Mechanism of Entry and Replication: V6 = CD46 V7 = CD4
Clincial Disease and Presentation: Rosela Infantum (Sixth Disease) in Children under 2 yrs: Non-pruitic rash on trunk after fever Mono-like in adults, can be encephalitis
Associated Diseases: Immunocompromised: Encephalitis, Bone Marrow
Diagnosis:
treatment: Ganciclovir
other:
Genome: Enveloped: Capsid: Tropism: Mechanism of Entry and Replication Clincial Disease and Presentation Associated Diseases Diagnosis: treatment: other:
Kaposi Sarcoma Virus (KSV, a.k.a. HHV8)
Genome: Circular dsDNA Enveloped: yes Capsid: Icosahedral Tropism: B Cells Mechanism of Entry and Replication: Clincial Disease and Presentation: Immunocompromised People infected
Associated Diseases: Kaposi’s Sarcoma (Endothelial Cells) Primary Effusion Lymphoma Castleman’s Disease
Diagnosis:
treatment: Ganciclovir = deoxyguanosine analog Cytovir = monophosphate analog Foscarnet = pyrrophosphate analog
other: Sub Saharan Africa and Gay Men vFlip= FLISE analog and inhibits Apoptosis vBCL2 = homolog for BCL2 vGPCR = Homolog for IL-6
Genome: Enveloped: Capsid: Tropism: Mechanism of Entry and Replication Clincial Disease and Presentation Associated Diseases Diagnosis: treatment: other:
Human T lymphotrophic virus -1 (HTLV-1) and HTLV-2
Genome: ssRNA (+)
Enveloped: yes
Capsid: Icosahedral
Tropism: HTLV-1 = CD4 HTLV-2 = CD8
Mechanism of Entry and Replication: Binds to GLUT1 Becomes Provirus: Binds GLUT1, uncoats, releases genetic material, uses virally encoded reverse transcriptase, uses viral integrase to integrate into host genome, uses host DNA polymerase
Clincial Disease and Presentation
Associated Diseases: HTLV1 = ATL (Acute T-Cell Lymphoma) and HAM HTLV2 = HAM ATL = 2-4% of people infected: Lymphadenopathy, hypercalcinema, skin lesions, lytic bone lesions, immunocompromised infections HAM = HLV-1 Asocciated Myelopathy, demyelination
Diagnosis:
treatment:
other: TAX = viral transcription factor that increases IL6 and GM-CSF and protooncogenes HTLV-2 more common in Native Americas and Injection Drug Users
Genome: Enveloped: Capsid: Tropism: Mechanism of Entry and Replication Clincial Disease and Presentation Associated Diseases Diagnosis: treatment: other:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2)
Genome: ssRNA, positive
Enveloped: yes
Capsid: icosahedral
Tropism: CD4+ T cells (also CD4+ monocytes & macrophages, others)
Mechanism of Entry and Replication
Clincial Disease and Presentation: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: depletion of CD4 T cells allows opportunistic infections
Associated Diseases
Diagnosis:
treatment: Multiple anti-retroviral agents
other:
