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Philosophy > 2.3 > Flashcards

2.3 Flashcards

1
Q

(Roman Catholic)What is the Altar?(2)

A

The raised platform on which the Sacrifice of the Mass is offered.
It is at the front to show its importance and often made of stone to symbolise the sacrificial element.

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2
Q

(Roman Catholic)What is the Font?(2)

A

Small basin where people get baptised. Is at the front, by the door to symbolise that baptism is the way people enter into the church.

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3
Q

What is the Pulpit?

A

The place where the priest stands to give the sermon, usually raised by stairs.

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4
Q

What is the Lectern?(2)

A

The stand on which the Bible is on and read from. It sometimes is in the shape of an eagle to symbolise God’s Word soaring through the world.

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5
Q

Describe the images in a Roman Catholic compared to a Protestant church?(4)

A

Roman Catholic Churches will often have lots of images, maybe of saints or of gospel stories.
There will also be a set of stations of the cross and a crucifix.

In Protestant Churches there are not many images, because it would go against the second commandment. There will a cross but plain.

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6
Q

What is the Confessional?

A

Small room in which priest sits and where someone can reveal there sins protected by anonymity under UK law.

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7
Q

What is the Tabernacle?

A

Small cupboard where any spare consecrated bread and wine(eucharist) is kept.

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8
Q

What is the Stoup?

A

This holds the blessed water and is often near the entrance to the church.

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9
Q

(Protestant)What is the communion table?

A

Like the Altar but made of wood to emphasise aspect of communion.

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10
Q

(Protestant)What is the Baptistery?

A

Pool used for baptism by full immersion. Often at the front covered by a removable floor section.

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11
Q

What is the Crypt?

A

Stone chamber beneath a church containing coffins and relics.

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12
Q

What is the Campanile?

A

Only in some churches, is the attached bell tower.

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13
Q

What is the Alms Box

A

Strong chest stuck to the walls of a church collecting offerings for the poor.

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14
Q

What is a sanctuary lamp?

A

Hanging lamp usually of red colour. It represents presence of the Blessed Sacrament.

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15
Q

Who is the Verger?

A

The person that looks after the church.

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16
Q

What is the Thurible?

A

Incense suspended by chains used often by the priest.

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17
Q

What are vestments?

A

Religious clothes.

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18
Q

What is a Rose window?

A

Round window placed on west façade that contains stained glass.

19
Q

What is the Nave?

A

Central part of church

20
Q

What are the Sedilla?

A

Set of seats in the South side of a church that are for use by the clergy.

21
Q

What is the Chancel?

A

Where the choir and clergy sit.

22
Q

What is the Sacristy?

A

Room where sacred objects are stored as well as vestments.

23
Q

(Orthodox)What is the Iconostasis?

A

Screen covered in icons that separates the sanctuary from the nave.

24
Q

(Orthodox)What is the Holy Table?

A

Equivalent of Altar, behind the royal doors in the sanctuary.
There is a candle held above known as the ‘Eternal Light’ and is a reminder of the constant presence of God.

25
Q

(Orthodox)What is the Bishop’s Throne?

A

Seat for reminder that Bishop is head of local church.

26
Q

(Orthodox)What are the Royal Doors?

A

The doors that lead from the narthex to the nave.

27
Q

(Orthodox)What is the Narthex?

A

The entrance hall, representing the normal world. People move from the normal world into the nave which represents the kingdom of heaven.

28
Q

What are the different ways Christians worship in private?(3)

A

Prayer, through the ACTS patter -
Adoration, Confession, Thanksgiving, Supplication.
Pictures, candles, rosary beads or music might be used to aid worship.
Bible reading might be done in private, either for moral guidance or comfort.

29
Q

Explain and describe the Roman Catholic communion process?(5)

A

Hymns and Prayers to praise God and ask forgiveness of sins. Then Readings(from the Bible)
Then a Sermon to teach the congregation.
Sharing peace, and consecration of bread and wine: the priest says the prayer of blessing
Finally the Blessing.

30
Q

What is the difference in Protestant communions to Roman Catholic ones?(2)

A

The readings and sermon are called the Liturgy of the Word, and the sequence of consecration, prayers and giving and receiving of bread and wine is called the Liturgy of the Eucharist.
Real bread and non-alcoholic wine is used, rather than wafers.

31
Q

What is transubstantiation?(3)

A

This is the idea that Roman Catholics believe that when the bread and wine are consecrated(made holy) the substance of the bread and wine changes to become body and blood of Jesus.
Most Protestants believe that it is a symbol or a memorial and therefore do not believe in transubstantiation.

32
Q

Why is communion important to Christians?(4)

A

It is a reminder of death.
It is a sacrament and therefore a way of receiving the grace of God into life.
By sharing bread and wine and thinking of Jesus Christians are obeying his commandment.
It is a symbol of unity in the church.

33
Q

What are the different names for communion?(4)

A

Eucharist - thanksgiving, emphasising that Christians should be thankful,
Mass - the most common term used by Roman Catholics,
Divine Liturgy - the Orthodox name for it,
The Lord’s Supper - uncommon, but stresses the link with the Last Supper.

34
Q

Describe the baptism process in a Roman Catholic Church?(5)

A

Prayers to give thanks for the child and praying for its future.
Exorcism to cast out the devil, then Parents and Grandparents make vows on behalf of the child, promising to repent sin, turn to Christ and renounce the devil.
The child is then sprinkled with holy water three times, in the font. The priest says “in the name of the father, son and Holy Spirit etc”.
The child is marked with sign of cross using an oil called chrism, the parents will also be given a candela’s to symbolise Christ as light and guide.
Furthermore the child will be dressed in white throughout the whole process.

35
Q

Why should Roman Catholic babies be baptised?(3)

A

It cleanses them from original sin(sin which everyone inherits). An unbaptised baby would not be able to go to heaven.
Parents are making a statement about how they want the child to be brought up.
Furthermore, if the child does not want to be Roman Catholic then they can choose for themselves at confirmation.

36
Q

Describe the baptism process in a Baptist Church?(4)

A

Prayers, giving thanks for the person’s decision to go to Christ.
Testimony, which is where the person explains why they want to be baptised.
Vows, making themselves their own promises.
Then, baptism by full immersion which will take place in a baptistery.

37
Q

Why should only Baptist adults be baptised?(2)

A

In the Bible, baptism is about repentance. You can only repent of sins if you understand them.
It should be a matter of personal choice and therefore would be less meaningful if a child is baptised.

38
Q

Describe the marriage process in a Roman Catholic Church?(6)

A

Entry, and then Hymns to symbolise joy and celebration(while also worshipping God).
The priest will welcome the congregation and then say something on the purpose of marriage.
There will be a bible reading(related to love or marriage) then the priest will give a sermon(also about marriage or love).
Then there will be vows, and exchange of rings(rings are circular and therefore symbolise the never ended love of God).
Proclamation:”I now pronounce you man and wife” + a blessing.
Then there is the signing of the register, which is a legal requirement, and prayers asking thanks for the couples love and guidance and blessing of future children.

39
Q

Describe the marriage process in an Orthodox Church?(5)

A

Service of Betrothal, where the rings are blessed. Service of Crowning, when couples are crowned to symbolise triumph over temptation and enter into marriage pure.
There will also be a reading(it is usually Jesus at the wedding in Cana) and the couple’s hands are joined, the priest’s stole is wrapped around their wrists.
They drink from the same cup, and are lead three times around the holy table, their first steps together as a couple are guided by religion.
Finally, the call to righteousness where the groom and bride are called different Old Testament names.

40
Q

Why is marriage important to Christians?(2)

A

It is important because it is a gift from God, and to Roman Catholics it is a sacrament.
For non-Catholic Christians it is still important because it is when a covenant is made between the couple.

41
Q

Describe the funeral process in a Roman Catholic Church?(5)

A

Prayers, for the soul of the dead, then Readings usually about the afterlife e.g Romans 8:38-39.
Sermon, and the Eulogy which is where friends and family will give a testimony about the person who died.
Then a Psalm might be said or sung, as well as Te Deum. This is a hymn of praise to God. The words remind the hearer that Jesus “will come and be our judge”
Finally, the body is committed to the ground and the minister says “Father into your hands we commend our brother/sister. We are confident that with all those who have died in Christ he/she will be raised to life on the last day and live with God forever.
A hymn of farewell may also be sung, the coffin will be sprinkled with water.

42
Q

Describe the difference in a funeral not of Roman Catholic Church denomination?(2)

A

Protestant denominations do not believe in purgatory, therefore no reference to purgatory during the service.
Also, in the Anglican Church the last words will be “ashes to ashes, dust to dust, the Lord has given and the Lord has taken away”.

43
Q

What are the seven sacraments?(6)

A

Baptism(birth into church),
Confirmation(second baptism),
Eucharist(every mass),
Reconciliation(penance),
Anointing of the Sick(service just before death), Matrimony(marriage),
Holy Orders(mission).

Philosophy (7 decks)

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