2.3 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Large increase in pressure resulted by the sudden closing of a valve that caused fast - flowing water to stop quicly
water hammer
It produces a force that makes pipes rattle with banging sounds as they expand and contract from exposure to an increase in water pressure.
water hammer
_____________ or water hammer arrestors are used in the supply branches serving each fixture
air chambers
expansion from temperature increases can push a pipe through a wall or cause it to burst
thermal expansion
METHODS FOR EXPANSION OF PIPELINES
make use of pipe fabricated with U shaped or circular bends
expansion bends and expansion loops
EXPANSION JOINTS
consists a slip pipe and a flange which is bolted to an adjoining pipe
slip expansion joints
EXPANSION JOINTS
able to absorb a certain amount of end movement of the pipe
corrugated expansion joint
Aging galvanized steel and iron pipe can result in a capacity loss of up to _____ %
80
what kind of steel pipes experiences about half the capacity loss of 80 percent when they age.
copper, steel, and iron
what pipes experience little loss of capacity as they age.
plastic pipes
this is applied to the outer walls of piping to reduce heat loss or prevent condensation on the outside pipe walls
pipe insulation
in pipe insulation, for commercial installations, ___ to ____ thick, while ____ for residential installations are required by the building code.
1/2, 11/2, 1/2
In pipe insulation, _____ and __________ insulation are common pipe insulation materials
foam, covered fiberglass
In testing, test run on water systems under a hydrostatic water pressure of ______ psi for a minimum of ___ hour.
125, 1
Leaks account for about _______ % of household per capita water use in a typical U.S. home (AWWA)
12.7
A leak of just one drop per seconf will waste about _________ gal of waer a year.
2700
____________ in plumbing fixtures depends on the fixture type and residual water pressure, with higher pressure leading to increased flow and water consumption.
Flow Rate
___________ refers to the total amount of water required for a specific purpose or area over a given period, influenced by factors such as population, fixture usage, cliate, and time of day.
water demand
The instantaneous peak demand for water in a pipe serving number of plumbing fixtures or serving an entire building is referred to as __________________.
design load
The design load of a pipe serving a group of plumbing fixtures or for the total fixtures installed on a project will depend not only on the _______ and ________ of fixtures installed but on the ___________ of he fixtures.
number, type, operation
