2.3 Flashcards
(17 cards)
what is a fertile period?
•when a male is capable of fathering a child or a female of conceiving and becoming pregnant
what are infertility treatments and contraception based on?
•biology of fertility
decribe fertility in men
•men show continuous fertility as their testes continuously produce sperm from puberty onwards
describe fertility in women
•women show cyclical fertility leading to a fertile period of a few days during each menstrual cycle
the fertile period of a woman can be identified by looking out for…
•a rise in body temperature by around 0.5°C after ovulation
•the cervical mucus becoming thin and watery
what are some causes of infertility
•age, genetics, disease, anorexia, obesity, drug misuse, smoking, stress, and poor diet
what can these causes of infertility result in?
•failure to ovulate
•blockage of oviducts
•failure of implantation
•low sperm count
what are some treatments of infertility?
•stimulating ovulation
•artificial insemination
•intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
•in vitro fertilisation (IVF)
decribe the treatment:
stimulating ovulation
decribe the treatment:
artificial insemination
decribe the treatment:
intracytoplasmic sperm injection
decribe the treatment:
in vitro fertilisation
describe pre-implantation genetic diagnosis
•during IVF and ICSI, cells are removed from the embryos to identify single gene disorders and chromosome abnormalities
•only the most suitable embryos can be transferred into the uterus for implantation
what is contraception
•contraception is the intentional prevention of pregnancy by natural or artificial methods which can be physical or chemical
•these methods act by preventing fertilisation or implantation
describe avoiding fertile periods
(physical method of contraception)
•avoiding sexual intercourse during fertile periods
describe barrier methods
(physical method of contraception)
•condoms, diaphragms and cervical caps work by preventing the sperm from entering the uterus and reaching an ovum
