2.3 - Gallipoli Flashcards
Who joined the war as a result of the Gallipoli campaign?
Bulgaria
What were the straits that the Gallipoli campaign was trying to gain access through?
Dardanelles
What were the 3 objectives of Gallipoli?
- Support Russia with reinforcements via access to the Black Sea
- Divert German troops from the Eastern and Western Front
- Minimise Turks support of Germany
What were the 3 limitations of Gallipoli?
Leadership
Geography
Weather
Why was geography a limitation of success at the Battle of Gallipoli?
- Despite being outnumbered the Ottomans had the high ground
- Up on the steep cliff, they could slaughter the enemy as they landed
Why was weather a limitation of success at the Battle of Gallipoli?
- Summer, decaying corpses caused disease
- 80% of Anzac troops caught dysentery
- More died to disease than fighting
- Early December, blizzard froze soldiers to death and drowned them
Why was leadership a limitation of success in the Battle of Gallipoli?
- Hamilton - stayed on his boat
- Stopford - failed to storm the beach
When the plan changed to a land attack at the Battle of Gallipoli where did the Allies attack?
Helles Beach
Which countries did the troops for the Battle of Gallipoli come from?
Britain, France, ANZAC
What was the one Allied success of the campaign at the Battle of Gallipoli?
Submarines sank Turkish ships in Constantinople
When did the attack on forts begin in the Battle of Gallipoli?
March 1915
Why were there unexpected obstacles at the Battle of Gallipoli?
The Great Powers assumed that they could easily take a nation with ‘inferior’ soldiers such as the Balkan Nations
What ultimately led to Britain’s downfall at the Battle of Gallipoli?
Underestimation of Turkish power:
‘would only spare older vessels’
‘confident Constantinople could be taken by ship alone’
‘would only allow one division to leave the western front’
How many ships had been sunk by the end of the first day in the Battle of Gallipoli?
3 sunk and 3 severely damaged out of 10
When did the Battle of Gallipoli end?
Between 30th December and 8th January
