2.3 Proteins Flashcards
(30 cards)
what are amino acids?
monomers that makes up proteins
what are dipeptides?
peptides made up of 2 amino acids
what reaction takes place to form dipeptides?
condensation
what are the bonds formed between amino acids?
peptide bonds
how many amino acids appear in our genetic code?
20
what is a chemical test for the presence of proteins?
biuret (blue to purple)
what is a prosthetic group?
non-protein unit bounded to a protein
what is one property of proteins?
soluble in water
why is there an infinite variety of possible peptide chains?
20 different types of amino acids
What are the four bondings/interactions that can occur between r-groups?
- ionic bonds
- hydrogen bonds
- disluphide bridges
- hydrophobic interactions
what type of bond does a charged r-group make?
ionic bond
what type of bond does a polar r-group make?
hydrogen bond
what type of bond does an r-group containing sulphur make?
disulphide bridges
what happens to proteins when temperatures or PH levels are above or below the optimal level?
denatured
what does “denatured” mean?
protein loses its shape due to bonds breaking
what is the primary structure of a protein?
sequence of amino acids
what is the secondary structure of a protein?
alpha helix or beta pleated sheet
what is the tertiary structure of a protein?
3D folding patterns from the interactions made between the R groups
what is the quaternary structure of a protein?
two or more polypeptide chains joined
what type of bonding occurs in the secondary structure?
only hydrogen bonding
what type of bonding occurs in the tertiary structure?
all - disulfide bonds, hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions
what type of bonding occurs in the quaternary structure?
the same type of bonding that occurs at tertiary level
what are conjugated proteins?
globular proteins that contain a prosthetic group
what is the main structural difference between globular and fibrous proteins?
globular proteins are more round while fibrous proteins are more like long strands
