2.3.1 Water Overview

Question 1

Water deficit

Answer 1

Water shortage

Question 2

Water surplus

Answer 2

Where they have more water than they need

Question 3

Water stress

Answer 3

No access to clean water

Question 4

Causes of change in water demand (5p)

Answer 4

Increase in wealth
Changes in personal hygiene
Demand for out season
Increase in population
Increase leisure use

Question 5

Increase in wealth (Causes of change in water demand)

Answer 5

Leads to more uses of domestic appliances such as dishwashers and washing machines which use a lot of water

Question 6

Changes in personal hygiene (Causes of change in water demand)

Answer 6

People are bathing/showering several times a week

Question 7

Demand for out-seasoned foods (Causes of change in water demand)

Answer 7

Requires additional watering to grow

Question 8

Way to deal with water supply and demand problem

Answer 8

Water transfers

Question 9

Water transfer

Answer 9

When one place has a water surplus in one area and a water shortage in another, supplies can be transferred. This is called a water transfer scheme

Question 10

Advantages if water transfers(2p)

Answer 10

-Provides water for areas in deficit
- Provides jobs for the people transferring the water

Question 11

Disadvantages of water transfer (3p)

Answer 11

• Expensive
  -Negative environmental impact
  -Displace of local community

Question 12

Sustainable

Answer 12

• the practice of using natural resources responsibly, so they can support both present and future generations

Question 13

Ways of water demands being met sustainably (4p)

Answer 13

-Collecting rainwater
-Taking shower instead of bath
-Bath water recycled to flush toilet
-Houses designed with better water efficiency

Question 14

Conservation

Answer 14

the act of protecting Earth’s natural resources for current and future generations.

Question 15

Causes of water pollution in the UK(4p)

Answer 15

• Untreated waste from industries, containing chemicals
• Run-off from roads and motorways eg. Oil, heavy metals etc
• Chemicals and pesticides
• Oil from boats and ships

Question 16

Short term effects of water pollution(3p)

Answer 16

-Poisoned drinking water
-Pesticides can kill important parts of the ecosystem
-Microbacteria bacteria in sewage can cause the spread of an infectious disease

Question 17

Long term effects of water pollution (4p)

Answer 17

• Increased water temperature
• Toxic waste can poison wildlife
• Increased fertiliser
• People who’s livelihood depend in a clean water supply

Question 18

Increased water temperature (long term effect of water pollution) (2p)

Answer 18

• Can lead to the death of wildlife
• disruption habitats

Question 19

Toxic waste (long term effect of water pollution)(2p)

Answer 19

-It can poison wildlife
- can cause bioaccumalation

Question 20

Increased fertiliser (long term effect of water pollution) (4p)

Answer 20

-Can increase nutrients in the water which speeds up the growth of algae
-Leads to a lack of oxygen in the water)
- So wildlife will die
- Increased algae also blocks sunlight