Lipids Flashcards
Are lipids soluble or insoluble in water?
Insoluble, but they are soluble in organic solvents e.g. ethanol
What are the most common type of lipids we eat and store?
Triglycerides
What are triglycerides made from?
Fatty acids and glycerol
What reaction joins the fatty acid to glycerol?
A condensation reaction
What bond is formed during this condensation reaction?
An ester bond
How many bonds are there in a triglyceride formed from glycerol and three fatty acids?
Three ester bonds
Are saturated fatty acids solid or liquid at room temperature? Why?
Solid, because they have straight saturated hydrocarbon chains that can pack closely together, meaning they have strong intermolecular bonds.
Where do saturated fatty acids come from?
Animals fats in meat and dairy
How many double bonds do monounsaturated fats have?
One double bond between two of the carbon atoms in each chain
What do polyunsaturated fats have more of?
They have a larger number of double bonds, these cause a kink in the hydrocarbon chain.
Are unsaturated fats solid or liquid at room temperature? Why?
Liquid, because the kinks in their chains prevent the hydrocarbon chains packing closely together, meaning they have weak intermolecular bonds
Where are unsaturated fatty acids from?
Olive oil, most other vegetable oil, nuts and fish
