Flashcards in 2.4 enzymes Deck (25)
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1
what is an enzyme?
a biological catalyst
2
what is an enzyme made from?
proteins
3
how do enzymes speed up reactions?
they lower the activation energy required for a reaction
4
lipase digests - into
lipids, fatty acids and glycerol
5
amylase digests - into
starch, maltose
6
protease digests - into
proteins, amino acids
7
all enzymes are - proteins
globular
8
enzymes are all
catalysts
9
enzymes all have
specific active sites
10
enzyme activity is affected by
temperature and pH
11
enzymes regulate metabolic reactions at a
cellular level
12
enzymes can influence the - and - of the whole organism
structure, function
13
intracellular enzymes catalyse reactions
within cells
14
extracellular enzymes catalyse reactions
outside of cells
15
catalase is an - found in - (liver cells)
intracellular, hepatocytes
16
catalase detoxifies - into water and -
hydrogen peroxide, oxygen
17
activation energy is
the energy required to break the original bonds so that a reaction can proceed
18
what is the current accepted hypothesis
induced fit hypothesis
19
what is the theory of the induced fit hypothesis
the enzyme changes it's active site slightly to achieve a better fit
20
describe Brownian Motion
molecules in solution move randomly and continuously
21
heat increases the
kinetic energy and ROR
22
increased kinetic energy leads to...
- more frequent collisions
- more successful collisions
23
when it's too hot, which bonds in enzymes break first
H bonds and ionic bonds
24
when it's too hot, which structure of the protein breaks
tertiary
25
