24. Understand the muscles of the lower leg, ankle and foot and their origins, insertions and actions

Question 1

8 muscles plantar flexing the ankle joint:

Answer 1

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Fibularis (peroneus) longus
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

Question 2

Origin of gastrocnemius:

Answer 2

Lateral head: Posterior aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur

Medial head: Posterior aspect of medial condyle of the femur

Question 3

Insertion of gastrocnemius:

Answer 3

Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Question 4

Which joint does the gastrocnemius use in plantar flexion?

Answer 4

Talocrural joint

Question 5

Origin of soleus:

Answer 5

Posterior surface of the proximal fibula
Soleal line of the tibia

Question 6

Insertion of soleus:

Answer 6

Posterior surface of calcaneus (via calcanea tendon)

Question 7

Which joint does the soleus use for plantar flexion?

Answer 7

Talocrural joint

Question 8

Origin of plantaris:

Answer 8

Lateral surpracondylar line of femur
Oblique popliteal ligament of knee

Question 9

Insertion of plantaris:

Answer 9

Posterior surface of calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)

Question 10

What is another name for the calcaneal tendon?

Answer 10

The achilles tendon

Question 11

Which joint does the plantaris use for plantar flexion?

Answer 11

Talocrural joint

Question 12

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the lower leg.

Answer 12

:)

Question 13

Origin of fibularis (peroneus) longus:

Answer 13

Lateral surface of the proximal fibula

Question 14

Insertion of fibularis (peroneus) longus:

Answer 14

Medial cuneiform bone, metatarsal bone 1

Question 15

Which joint does the fibularis (peroneus) longus use for plantar flexion?

Answer 15

Talocrural joint

Question 16

Which joint does the fibularis (peroneus) longus use for foot eversion?

Answer 16

Subtalar joint

Question 17

What does the fibularis (peroneus) longus support?

Answer 17

The longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot

Question 18

Origin of fibularis (peroneus) brevis:

Answer 18

Lateral surface of distal fibula
Anterior intermuscular septum

Question 19

Insertion of fibularis (peroneus) brevis:

Answer 19

Tuberocity of the 5th metatarsal bone

Question 20

Which joint does the fibularis (peroneus) brevis use for plantar flexion?

Answer 20

Talocrural joint

Question 21

Which joint does the fibularis (peroneus) brevis use for foot eversion?

Answer 21

Subtalar joint

Question 22

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the ankle.

Answer 22

;)

Question 23

Origin of tibialis posterior:

Answer 23

Posterior surface of tibia, posterior reface of fibula and interosseous membrane

Question 24

Insertion of tibialis posterior:

Answer 24

Tuberocity of navicular bone, all cuneiform bones, cuboid bone, bases of metatarsal bones 2-4

Question 25

Which joint does the tibialis posterior use for plantar flexion?

Answer 25

Talocrural joint

Question 26

Which joint does the tibialis posterior use for foot inversion?

Answer 26

Subtalar joint

Question 27

What does the tibialis posterior support?

Answer 27

The medial longitudinal arch of the foot.

Question 28

Origin of the flexor digitorum longus:

Answer 28

Posterior surface of tibia (inferior to soleal line)

Question 29

Insertion of the flexor digitorum longus:

Answer 29

Bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Question 30

Which joints does the flexor digitorum longus use for toe flexion?

Answer 30

Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints 2-5

Question 31

Which joint does the flexor digitorum longus use for plantar flexion?

Answer 31

Talocrural joint

Question 32

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the foot.

Answer 32

:0

Question 33

Which joint does the flexor digitorum longus use for foot inversion?

Answer 33

Subtalar joint

Question 34

Origin of flexor hallucis longus:

Answer 34

(Distal 2/3 of) posterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane, posterior inter muscular septum of leg, fascia of tibialis posterior muscle.

Question 35

Insertion of flexor hallucis longus:

Answer 35

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 36

Which joints does the flexor hallucis longus use for toe flexion?

Answer 36

Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joint

Question 37

Which joint does the flexor hallucis longus use for foot plantar flexion?

Answer 37

Talocrural joint

Question 38

Which joint does the flexor hallucis longus use for foot inversion?

Answer 38

Subtalar joint

Question 39

4 muscles dorsiflexing the ankle joint:

Answer 39

Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis tertius

Question 40

Origin of tibialis anterior:

Answer 40

Lateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane

Question 41

Insertion of tibialis anterior:

Answer 41

Medial cuneiform bone, base of metatarsal bone 1

Question 42

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the lower leg.

Answer 42

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Question 43

Which joint does the tibialis anterior use for dorsiflexion?

Answer 43

Talocrural joint

Question 44

Which joint does the tibialis anterior use for foot inversion?

Answer 44

Subtalar joint

Question 45

Origin of extensor digitorum longus:

Answer 45

(proximal half of) medial surface of fibula, lateral fibula condyle, interosseous membrane

Question 46

Insertion of extensor digitorum longus:

Answer 46

Distal and middle phalanges of digits 2-5.

Question 47

Which joints does the extensor digitorum longus use for toe extension?

Answer 47

Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints 2-5

Question 48

Which joint does the extensor digitorum longus use for foot dorsiflexion?

Answer 48

Talocrural joint

Question 49

Which joint does the extensor digitorum longus for foot eversion?

Answer 49

Subtalar joint

Question 50

Origin of extensor hallucis longus:

Answer 50

Middle third of medial surface of fibula, interosseous membrane

Question 51

Insertion of extensor hallucis longus:

Answer 51

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 52

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the ankle

Answer 52

:*)

Question 53

Which joint does the extensor hallucis longus use for toe extension?

Answer 53

Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joint 1

Question 54

Which joint does the extensor hallucis longus use for foot dorsiflexion?

Answer 54

Talocrural joint

Question 55

Origin of fibularis tertius:

Answer 55

Medial surface (distal third) of fibula, interosseous membrane (anterior surface), anterior intermuscular septum

Question 56

Insertion of fibularis tertius:

Answer 56

Dorsal surface of base of metatarsal bone 5

Question 57

Which joint does the fibularis tertius use for foot dorsiflexion?

Answer 57

Talocrural joint

Question 58

Which joint does the fibularis tertius use for foot eversion?

Answer 58

Subtalar joint

Question 59

4 muscles involved in foot eversion:

Answer 59

Fibularis (peroneus) longus Fibularis (peroneus) brevis Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius

Question 60

4 muscles involved in foot inversion:

Answer 60

Tibialis posterior Tibialis anterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus

Question 61

2 muscles involves in toe flexion:

Answer 61

Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus

Question 62

Do a quiz game about the muscles of the foot.

Answer 62

XD

Question 63

2 muscles involved in toe extension:

Answer 63

Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus