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Block 5 Week 5 Dani > Memory-Dr. Berryhill > Flashcards

Memory-Dr. Berryhill Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of memory?

A

declarative

non-declarative

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of declarative memory?

A

episodic (autobiographical), semantic

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3
Q

What is memory?

A

a reconstructive process

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4
Q

What are the 4 types of nondeclarative memory?

A

skills and habits
priming
conditioning
nonassociative

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5
Q

What kind of memory are these a part of:

Motor, perceptual, cognitive

A

skills and habits

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6
Q

What kind of memory are these a part of:

perceptual,semantic

A

priming

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7
Q

What kind of memory are these a part of:
pavlovian
operant

A

conditioning

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8
Q

What kind of memory are these a part of:
habituation
sensitization

A

nonassociative

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9
Q

What is working memory?

A

executive function memory

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10
Q

What is the capacity of working memory?

A

four items at one time

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11
Q

How long does your working memory work at one time?

A

30 seconds

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12
Q

What is episodic long term memory?

A

autobiographical memory

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13
Q

What are the 2 peaks of memory?

A 
the remininscence bump (around 16-20)
recency bump (70)
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14
Q

Why is there a big gap of memory between the remininscence bump and the recency bump?

A

because youve been there done that and it isnt memorable

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15
Q

What explain childhood amnesia?

A

you use language structures and systems that arent fully developed in young children (i.e kids only remember stuff that they were able to identify within the engish languange, could name a horse if they same a horse, couldnt remember the xylophone because as a child they didnt know the word for it)

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16
Q

The ventral medial prefronal cortex is linked to what clinical populations?
People with these impairments often lack what and report what?

A 
depression
schizophrenia
PTSD
Anxiety Disorders
event details and report repeated events
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17
Q

What gives you emotional memory?

A

amygdala

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18
Q

What happens if you have bilateral amydala damage?

A

you dont get conditioned fear

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19
Q

One of the key components of semantic memory is the (blank) components

A

emotional

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20
Q

What is a flashbulb memory?

Are flashbulb memories accurate?

A

a moment in time that you remember with complete clarity (i.e like JFK assassination,9/11 etc)

No, you have confidence not accuracy

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21
Q

Which kinds of memory do you have more confidence for; flashbulb or everyday?

A

flashbulb

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22
Q

Which kinds of memory do you have more accuracy for; flashbulb or everday?

A

both are equal

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23
Q

Where does confidence come from?

A

Inferior parietal lobe

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24
Q

What would Iinferior parietal lobe damage cause?

A

difficult time recalling whether an event happened to them or someone else, effect their confidence in an event.

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25
Q

What happens if you remove both temporal lobes? (i.e HMs predicament)

A

you cant make new episodic memories, everything else was normal (and lost the year prior of memories) i.e had retrograde around trauma and anterograde amnesia.

26
Q

someone with amnesia wont remember learning a new task but will show what kind of learning curve?

A

a normal learning curve!!!!

27
Q

Do amnesics struggle with thinking about the future?

A

Yes :(

28
Q

How do you get korsakoffs and what happens if you have it?

A

damage to mamillary bodies vi alcohol abuse and thiamnine deficiency (Vit B1)
you get confabulation (distorted/misinterpretate memories about oneself or the world)

29
Q

What will your brain look like if you have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

A

abnormal mamillary bodies

30
Q

What kind of memory problems do you have with alzeheimers disease?

A

anterograde and retrograde component as disease progresses

31
Q

What is this:
caused by herpes simplex virus
acute encephalitis (30-70% fatal, ~ 2,000 cases/year )
acute: fever, headache, seizures, confusion, stupor, or coma
intense hemorrhagic necrosis of the affected tissue (often in the MTL)
serious neurologic deficits, amnesia, global dementia

A

herpes encephalitis

32
Q

What part of your brain gives you spacial processing?

A

hippocampus of medial temporal lobe

33
Q

What are the three sets of cells in the medial temporal lobe specifically the hippocampus that allows you to get around spacially?

A

Place cells->fire in a location in a given context.
Direction cell-> indicates which way your facing
Grid cell-> spacial layout, mile markers, i.e you are 5 feet from where you were.

34
Q

The longer you are taxi driver the larger your (blank) is

A

posterior hippocampus (i.e better at navigation) while their anterior shrunk a bit.

35
Q 
What kind of memory does this;
How we organize knowledge.
Hierarchical
Theoretically debated
Role of attributes
A

semantic memory

36
Q

Memories are not stored in the (blank), it is just a pointer to the neural populations that are engaged during the memory phenomenon.

A

hippocampus

37
Q

People with frontotemporal dementia will have progressively loss in (blank) memory. As the disease progresses, these individuals will lose ability to do what?

A

semantic

identify items

38
Q

What does the medial temporal lobe do?

A

stores comprehensive memory for a whole event

39
Q

How do you store a comprehensive memory for a whole event?

A

Your medial temporal lobe will recieve processed info in cortical regions, return projections to same cortical regions, controls reorganization n cortex and binds info together from multiple geographically separate cortical regions

40
Q

What kind of memory is procedural memory and classic conditioning?

A

implicit memory

41
Q

Wht kind of memory is associated with skills, habits and behaviors?

A

procedural memory

42
Q

What kind of memory is associated with emotional responses?

A

classical conditioning

43
Q

(blank) memory is harder to form but harder to forget

A

implicit

44
Q

What is this:

(blank) is an implicit memory effect in which exposure to one stimulus influences a response to another stimulus.
(i. e the word NURSE is recognized more quickly following DOCTOR than following BREAD)

A

priming

45
Q

What is the hardest kind of conditioning to exstinguish?

A

variable ratio/ unpredictable rewards

46
Q

What are the 3 types of reward schedule for conditioning?

A 
fixed interval (every 3 minutes)
fixed ratio (every nth event)
variable ratio (unpredictable)
47
Q

What are the 2 types of memory?

A

long term and short term (working memory)

48
Q

What are the 2 types of long term memory?

A

declarative (explicit) and non-declarative (implicit)

49
Q

What are the four types of implicit non declarative memory?

A

procedural, priming and perceptual learning, simple classical conditioning, non-associative learning

50
Q

What are the 2 types of declarative (explicit) memory?

A

episodic and semantic

51
Q

What region of the brain is involved in episodic memory?

A

hippocampus, medial temporal lobe

52
Q

What region of the brain is involved in semantic memory?

A

lateral and anterior temporal cortex, prefrontal cortex

53
Q

What region of the brain is involved in procedural memory?

A

striatum, cerebellum, motor cortex

54
Q

What region of the brain is involved in priming and perceptual learning?

A

neocortex

55
Q

What region of the brain is involved in simple classical conditioning?

A

amygdala and cerebellum

56
Q

What region of the brain involved in non-associative learning?

A

reflex pathways

57
Q

What are the 5 areas of cognitive function that the MMSE addresses?

A

orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall and language

58
Q

What is the max score in the MMSE? What score indicates cognitive impairment?

A

30

23 or lower

59
Q

How do you score the Mini-Cog?

A

give 1 point for each recalled word after clock drawing
score of zero= dementi
score of 1-2 with abnormal clock is positive for dementia

60
Q

What is a perfect score on the miniCog?

A

3 points

Block 5 Week 5 Dani (9 decks)

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