Cognitive Development Flashcards
What are the fours stages of Piaget?
1) Sensorimotor - birth to 2 years
2) pre-operational - 2 to 7 years
3) concrete operational - 7 to 11 years
4) formal operational - 11years +
What is Piaget’s definition of Cognition?
The mental processes by which knowledge is acquired, elaborated, stored, retrieved and used to solve problems - learning through action and a focus on how children think rather than what they know
What is the sensorimotor stage?
6 sub stages - knowing surroundings by seeing and touching, essentially knowing only by doing.
Object permanence occurs at 8 months and recognition of self of the agent of action
What is the preoperational stage?
Centration. Thinking about one idea at a time (whilst excluding others) and a self created world view and difficultly taking another’s perspective - as shown by the 3 mountain problem.
Demonstrate an understating of conservation of: mass, number and volume.
What is the concrete operational stage?
Consideration of information in a logical manner, can only deal with real or imaginable occurrences.
What is the formal operational stage?
Considering alternatives and planning ahead, ability to systematically test a hypothesis, the basis of adult thinking.
What are schemas?
Theories about how the social and physical world operate.
What is assimilation?
Understanding a new object.
What is accommodation?
Modifying a schema
What is operation?
Consideration of information in a logical manner
What is conservation?
Understanding that amount is unrelated to appearance.
How was and is Intelligence tested?
IQ used to be mental age/chronological age * 100. But it is now calculated from a table of standardised age scores.
Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) tests both verbal IQ and performance IQ
What is localisation of cognitive function?
Left hemisphere: complex language, complex logical and maths.
Right hemisphere: simple language, spatial and pattern, emotional recognition.
