bio: unit 5

Question 0

population

Answer 0

a group of individuals that belong to the same species and in the same area

Question 1

ecology

Answer 1

the study of interactions among organisms and between their environment or surroundings

Question 2

community

Answer 2

the assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area

Question 3

ecosystem

Answer 3

the collection of all organisms that live to particular place together with physical non living environments

Question 4

biome

Answer 4

the group of organisms that have the same environment and climate

Question 5

biosphere

Answer 5

contains all the combined portions of the planet in which all life exists including land, water, air and atmosphere

Question 6

geographic distribution

Answer 6

an area inhabited by a population

Question 7

population density

Answer 7

the number if individuals per unit area

Question 8

population age structure (profiles)

Answer 8

based on a diagram that shows what a population looks like in a potential country for growth

Question 9

three factors that affect pop. size

Answer 9

number of births
number of deaths
number of individuals who leave or enter a country

Question 10

exponential growth

Answer 10

occurs when the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate

Question 11

logistic growth

Answer 11

when a populations growths slows or stops during a period of exponential growth

Question 12

carry capacity

Answer 12

the largest number of individuals an environment can support

Question 13

limiting factors

Answer 13

causes population growth to increase

Question 14

competition

Answer 14

when pop. grows larger, organisms compete with one another for food, water, space, sunlight and other essentials

Question 15

interspecific competition

Answer 15

two different species competing

Question 16

intraspecific competition

Answer 16

competition between two organisms in the same species

Question 17

predator prey relationship

Answer 17

helps control populations

Question 18

predator

Answer 18

organism who hunts and eats prey

Question 19

prey

Answer 19

organism that gets eaten by predator

Question 20

mutualism

Answer 20

both organisms benefit from relationship

flowers and insects

Question 21

commensalism

Answer 21

only one member benefits from relationship

Question 22

parasitism

Answer 22

one organism lives inside another organism and negatively effects the host
tapeworms and mammals

Question 23

biotic factors

Answer 23

living factors

Question 24

abiotic factors

Answer 24

non living factors

Question 25

when are ecosystems self sufficient?

Answer 25

constant source of energy

cycling of materials

Question 26

what is a habitat?

Answer 26

the area where the organism lives

Question 27

whats a niche?

Answer 27

the full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions

Question 28

competitive exclusion principle

Answer 28

the fundamental rule in ecology that states that no two organism occupy the same niche

Question 29

food chain

Answer 29

the series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

Question 30

omnivore

Answer 30

organisms that eat both plants and animals

humans

Question 31

scavengers

Answer 31

they find and eat left overs

birds

Question 32

decomposers

Answer 32

break down organic material

bacteria

Question 33

food web

Answer 33

the feeding relationships among various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions

Question 34

trophic levels

Answer 34

each step in a food chain

Question 35

what is the pyramid of energy?

Answer 35

shows the relative amount of energy at each trophic level

Question 36

where does the excess energy go?

Answer 36

it transfers into heat

Question 37

succession

Answer 37

a series of predictable changes in an environment over a period of time

Question 38

biogeochemical cycles

Answer 38

elements, chemical compounds and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another

Question 39

what is the water cycle?

Answer 39

water changes from liquid to gas by evaporation. also evaporation from leaves and trees is called transpiration. the water droplets condense and form clouds and once they become dense, precipitation occurs. Much of the precipitation runs along the surface which is called run off.

Question 40

nitrogen fixation

Answer 40

bacteria convert nitrogen into nitrates