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Flight Paramedic > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

The three meninges of the CNS

A
  1. Pia Mater
  2. Arachnoid Membrane
  3. Dura Mater
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2
Q

CSF is found in ________

A

Subarachnoid Space

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3
Q

Subdural and Epidural space are both _______ spaces

A

potential

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4
Q

CSF is synthesized and reabsorbed approx ________

A

3 times a day

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5
Q

Normal ICP

A

0-10 mmHg

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6
Q

Normal CCP

A

70-90 mmHg

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7
Q

CPP calculation

A

MAP-ICP

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8
Q

MAP Calculation

A

MAP= DBP +1/3(pulse pressure)

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9
Q

Cushing Triad

A
  1. HTN
  2. Bradycardia
  3. Resp Changes
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10
Q

A subdural hematoma is typically _______ in nature

A

Venous

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11
Q

A subdural bleed lies between the ________

A

dura mater and arachnoid membrane

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12
Q

Acute Subdural Hematomas become symptomatic at ______

A

24 hours

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13
Q

Subacute Subdural Hematomas become symptomatic at ______

A

2-10 days

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14
Q

Chroinic Subdural Hematomas become symptomatic after ______

A

2 weeks

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15
Q

The chronic subdural will commonly demonstrate a ______ pattern on CT

A

Granulated or ‘salt and pepper’

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16
Q

What patient population will mostly likely demonstrate an acute subdural

A

Peds

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17
Q

The most common cause of subarachnoid bleed is _______

A

Trauma

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18
Q

Triple H-Therapy consist of:

A
  1. Hypertension
  2. Hypervolemia
  3. Hemodilution
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19
Q

Three classifications of CVA

A
  1. Embolic
  2. Hemorrhagic
  3. Thrombotic
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20
Q

______ fracture typically has a focal depression with fractures radiating outward. Similar to a ‘starred window’ pattern.

A

Linear Stellate

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21
Q

_______ fractures are a simple fracture forming a single line across the scull.

A

Linear

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22
Q

_______ fractures involve large sections of the skull being fractured from the main structure and becoming altered in their planar relationship to one another.

A

Diastatic

23
Q

LeForte ___ results in a loose maxillary region or upper lip movement.

A

I

24
Q

LeForte ___ results in a nasal section that is loose from the face itself.

A

II

25
Q

LeForte ___ the entire face appears to be detached and mobile from the rest of the skull

A

III

26
Q

The treatment of neurogenic shock includes the following:

A
  1. Oxygenate
  2. Perfuse
  3. Fill the Tank
  4. Limit further injury
27
Q

Nipple Line Dermatome ____

A

T4

28
Q

Xiphoid Dermatome ____

A

T6

29
Q

Umbilical Dermatome ______

A

T10

30
Q

Pubis Dermatome _____

A

T12

31
Q

Pulse Pressure Calc

A

SBP-DBP

32
Q

Decorticate Posturing indicates

A

Damage above the cerebellum and brainstem (supra-tentorial)

33
Q

Decerebrate Posturing indicates

A

Damage to the brainstem or compression of the thalamus and brainstem

34
Q

Treatment of increased ICP

A
  1. Position Position
  2. Limit Noxious Stimuli
  3. Maintain Euvolemia, Normothermia, Normal Electrolytes
35
Q

In Head Injury Hyperventilate to keep PaCO2 between ______

A

32-35

If healthy then you can say ETCO2 is 3-5 below the this

36
Q

Subdural is usually _______ in nature

A

venous

37
Q

Subdural have a ______ mortality and morbidity

A

High

38
Q

With Subdural bleeds in less 18 months look for ______

A

Bulging Fontanelle

Retinal Hemorrhages

39
Q

Epidural Hematoma is bleeding between the ____ and the ______

A

Skull

Dura Mater

40
Q

Epidural Hematoma are usually ______ in nature

A

arterial

41
Q

With Epidural Hematoma you will see ____ pupil dilation and _______ hemiplagiea

A

ipsilateral

contalateral (opposite of hematoma)

42
Q

Subarachnoid bleed is blood between the ____ and ______

A

Arachnoid Membraine

Pia Mater

43
Q

_____ is the most common cause of subarchanoid and the second is ______

A
  1. Trauma

2. Berri Aneurysm

44
Q

Common Chief Complaint of Subarachnoid _____

A

Worst Headache of my life

45
Q

Subarachnoid Bleed CC

A

N/V
Stiff Neck
Visual Disturbance
Altered LOC

46
Q

With Subarachnoid Bleed DO NOT _______

A

do a lumbar puncture

47
Q

Intracerebral hemorrhage is blood in the _______

A

Brain Parenchyma

48
Q

Intracerebral hemorrhage is caused by

A

Shearing and Tensile Force

49
Q

Intracerebral hemorrhage is usually found in the _________

A

White Matter

50
Q

Intraventricular bleed is bleeding into the ______

A

ventricles

51
Q

With a mild concussion there is NO ______

A

LOC

52
Q

Basilar Skull Fx S/S

A

Battle Signs
Periorbital Ecchymosis
Otorrhea
Rhinorrhea

53
Q

Classic Signs of Neurogenic Shock

A
  1. Hypotension
  2. Warm Red Skin below the injury
  3. Absence of tachycardia

Flight Paramedic (14 decks)

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