25 Temporal Lobe & Language

Question 1

A multimodal visual syndrome where things look larger is…

Answer 1

Macropsia

Question 2

A multimodal visual syndrome where things look smaller is…

Answer 2

Micropsia

Question 3

(T/F) Pelopsia is a multimodal visual syndrome where things look further then they really are.

Answer 3

False - they are nearer

Question 4

(T/F) Teleopsia is a multimodal visual syndrome where things look further then they really are.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

A problem associated with RH damage where people have a hard time recognizing faces is known as…

Answer 5

Prosopagnosia

Question 6

A problem associated LH damage where you recognize their face but cannot remember there name is known as…

Answer 6

Alexia

Question 7

Which 2 tracts are affected in prosopagnosia?

Answer 7

ILF, IFOF

Question 8

(T/F) Inferotemporal damage impairs pattern recognition.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Retrograde Amnesia – means…

Answer 9

you cannot remember things of the past

Question 10

Antrograde amnesia – means…

Answer 10

you cannot learn new things

Question 11

What happens when there is damage to the hippocampus?

Answer 11

The person would not be able to form new memories.

Question 12

(T/F) The man (Klive) in the video was a sever case of antrograde amnesia because he had bilateral damage to both hemispheres.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Congenital amusia is a neuropsychiatric disorder where people are…

Answer 13

Tone deaf

Question 14

Name the 4 things that make up human language via words.

Answer 14

PhonemesMorephemesSyntaxDiscourse

Question 15

How is language involve co-evolution?

Answer 15

neural systems require both the production and reception of the words/language

Question 16

The rate words change as new dialects is?

Answer 16

14% per 1000yrs

Question 17

When did language begin?

Answer 17

It is estimated to have began when everyone spoke same language 100K years ago.

Question 18

Based on genetic studies, how many different migrations took place out of Africa?

Answer 18

3

Question 19

What are the three brain language structures?

Answer 19

Primary auditory cortexBroca’s areaPrimary motor system

Question 20

Pure word deafness:a) Can read, write, and speak normallyb) Are unable to repeat words they don’t understandc) Can’t understand spoken wordsd) Are unable to discriminate consonants but can distinguish vowels e) All of the above

Answer 20

e) All of the above

Question 21

(T/F) Neanderthal man could voice consonants but not vowels because they have a high larynx in their throat.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What happens if Wernicke’s area is damaged?

Answer 22

The person will have language comprehension problems

Question 23

Transcoritcal sensory aphasia is a language disorder with what symptoms:

Answer 23

Fluent spontaneous speech but poor comprehension

Question 24

Which is not true of Word Meaning Deafness:a) Can’t distinguish word from non-wordb) Can’t understand what a word means but can repeat and write itc) Copes by writing down what was said and then reads it

Answer 24

a) Can distinguish word from non-word

Question 25

Name the four areas of the temporal lobe?

Answer 25

1. Primary auditory cortex2.Secondary auditory cortex also called associative cortical cortex3. Median gyrus4. Inferior temporal area

Question 26

Damage to the primary auditory cortex will result in ---------

Answer 26

Cortical deafness

Question 27

Which area of the temporal lobe is involved in language?

Answer 27

Associative cortical cortex

Question 28

Damage to the inferior temporal cortex would affect the amygdala, hippocampus and the cortex areas around the hippocampus thus disrupting ------------- and ---------------

Answer 28

Memory, Personality

Question 29

List at least three functions of the temporal lobe?

Answer 29

1. Personality and emotion2.Lexical memory3.Language comprejension

Question 30

What are the functions of the left hemisphere?

Answer 30

Left hemisphere is responsible for verbal memory, speech, speech comprehension, and speech produciton

Question 31

What are the functions of the Right hemisphere?

Answer 31

RIght hemisphere is responsible for facial expressions, visual pattern recognition, music, and prosody

Question 32

An individual having a stroke in the primary temporal lobe will have a hard time processing any kind of sounds. (True or False)

Answer 32

True

Question 33

The associative cortex gets its oxygen supply from ------------------- artery?

Answer 33

Middle cerebral artery

Question 34

Why does an individual experience language disorder after a stroke?

Answer 34

Since the majority of strokes occurs in the middle cerebral artery which is the oxygen supplier of associative cortex, a clot in that artery would cut the oxygen supply to the associative cortex which is responsible for language thus leading to language disorder

Question 35

A stroke patient reports that “everyone speaks very fast”. What could we conclude in regards to the location of the stroke based on the patient’s complaint?

Answer 35

We can conclude that the patient had a stroke in their left hemisphere.

Question 36

Define a formant?

Answer 36

Formant is the initial spectral peak of the sound spectrum

Question 37

What is the typical length of formants in our language?

Answer 37

40 ms

Question 38

Will An individual who had a stroke in the Left hemisphere be able to differentiate Bah from Dah?

Answer 38

No, because the cortex will be struggling to distinguish the early formants transitions and pick out those little consonant sounds from the “ah” that follows.

Question 39

Damage to the Right hemisphere will affect --------------------a) visual acuityb) Balancec) music perceptiond) Depth perception

Answer 39

C) Music perception

Question 40

what condition has trouble pronouncing a new word?

Answer 40

auditory phonological agnosia

Question 41

in which condition is the person able to read aloud and write but has trouble pronouncing new words?

Answer 41

auditory phonological agnosia

Question 42

semantic anomia is using word substitutions that shows evidence of selection problems. True or false?

Answer 42

true

Question 43

name the two types of anomia.

Answer 43

a. semantic anomiab. selection anomia

Question 44

neologisms is a symptom of wernicke's aphasia neologistic jargonphasia. true or false

Answer 44

true

Question 45

a patient with wernicke's aphasia neologistic jargonphasia can read, sort words by meaning and knows their sentences are nonsense

Answer 45

false

Question 46

which condition involves making semantic errors when reading and not being able to read nonwords?

Answer 46

deep aphasia

Question 47

repetition of abstract words is more difficult in deep aphasia. true or false

Answer 47

true

Question 48

what are signs of broca's aphasia?

Answer 48

a. grammatical errors in speechb. telegraphic patternc. comprehension syntax problems

Question 49

in broca's aphasia a telegraphic pattern involves having trouble with both noun and verb. true or false

Answer 49

true

Question 50

in conduction aphasia damage to the brain occurs in what areas?

Answer 50

in the arcuate fasiculus that connects wernicke and broca's area.

Question 51

a patient with what type of aphasia understands what they hear but cant repeat it?

Answer 51

conduction aphasia

Question 52

prosody area is typically found only in the right hemisphere. true of false

Answer 52

true

Question 53

stress patterns on syllables, pauses, and affective expression are signs of damage in prosody skills? true or false

Answer 53

true

Question 54

the patient in the video on slide 29 had damage to what part of the brain and which process did it affect?

Answer 54

damage in the left hemisphere which processes language

Question 55

the video showed how damage in wernicke's area can lead to problems in hearing and understanding what someone has just told you. true or false

Answer 55

true