micro

Question 1

how big are bacteria

Answer 1

0.5-.5 microns

Question 2

what color is gram +? gram -?

Answer 2

+ purple

-pink

Question 3

classify bacteria by either

Answer 3

genus and species or color and shape

Question 4

cell wall

Answer 4

rigid outer later. gives shape and protects

Question 5

cell membrane

Answer 5

semi-permeable

Question 6

cytoplasm

Answer 6

liquid portion holding nutrients

Question 7

mesosomes

Answer 7

used for cell division- gram +

Question 8

capsule

Answer 8

jello-like covering on outside of cell- makes cell less edible

Question 9

pilli

Answer 9

allow bacteria to attach to mm

Question 10

spores vs endspores

Answer 10

spores- on fungi

endospores- on bacteria

Question 11

endospores are created when

Answer 11

bacteria finds itself in unfavorable conditions. tries to survive environment

Question 12

endospores can survive

Answer 12

pasteurization

Question 13

carbon vs nitrogen

Answer 13

C- carb breakdown to get glucose to LIVE

N- get from protein breakdown PRODUCE

Question 14

all pathogenic bacteria grows best in

Answer 14

68-104 F

Question 15

7 things required to grow

Answer 15

carbon, nitrogen, ph, temperature, water, vitamins, minerals

Question 16

asexual AKA

Answer 16

binary fission

Question 17

vitamins necessary to grow

Answer 17

Ca, Fe, Mg, S, Ph

Question 18

how moist is water to grow

Answer 18

7-10 moisture

Question 19

facultative

Answer 19

grows with or without 02

Question 20

microaerophilic grow best in

Answer 20

small amt of 02 and more c02

Question 21

mesophile vs psychrophillic vs thermophile temps

Answer 21

m- 95-97
p- 32-36
t- 104-176

Question 22

body organs that are considered sterile

Answer 22

blood, urine, CSF, lungs, synovial fluid

Question 23

if the opportunity presents itself, it will cause disease. can be normal flora

Answer 23

opportunistic pathogen

Question 24

obligated to cause disease. never any normal flora

Answer 24

obligate pathogen

Question 25

2 sources of infectious agents

Answer 25

normal flora and pathogen

Question 26

exo vs endotoxin

Answer 26

exotoxin- only released into host

endotoxin- only released when cell dies

Question 27

endotoxin- what type of gram bacteria

Answer 27

gram -

Question 28

ex of exotoxin/endotoxin

Answer 28

exo- clostridium botulinum

endo- bordetella, e coli

Question 29

fomite

Answer 29

inanimate objects that can harbor organisms (playtoys)

Question 30

parenteral

Answer 30

blood transfusions

Question 31

5 routes of transmission

Answer 31

direct, indirect, fomites, parenteral, vector

Question 32

ways to prevent invasion of disease (host resistance)

Answer 32

NF, intact skin, mm, phagocytosis, immunity

Question 33

the goal of collection of specimens is to obtain

Answer 33

a sample from a pt that is representative of the disease process

Question 34

4 rules of collection

Answer 34

collected: with minimal contamination, at optimal times, adequate quantity, in appropriate collection devices

Question 35

collect how much for tissue and body fluids

Answer 35

tissue- more than 3 square cm

body fluids- more than 1 ml

Question 36

types of liquid culture (6)

Answer 36

blood (q 2 hr), urine, CSF, synovial fluid, pleural fluid (pericardial/peritoneal), tissues, fecal

Question 37

best time to collect

Answer 37

when body temp spikes- because WBC increase