255 Exam 1

Question 1

National academy of medicine 5 competencies

Answer 1

provide patient centred care
work on inter professional teams
employ evidence based practice
apply quality improvement
utilize informatics

Question 2

SENC 5 values

Answer 2

provide goal directed care
collaborate with the inter professional team
validate evidence based research
provide safe and quality patient care
embrace incorporate technological advances

Question 3

Why define nursing?

Answer 3

• Helps the public understand the value of nursing
• Helps differentiate activities of nursing from those of medicine
• Helps students understand what is expected of them

Question 4

What is the ANA Nursing definition?

Answer 4

The diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual and potential health problems

Question 5

Roles and Functions of the nurse

Answer 5

• Direct care provider
• Communicator
• Client/family educator
• Client advocate
• Counselor
• Change agent
• Leader
• Manager
• Case manager
• Research consumer

Question 6

Profession (Definition)

Answer 6

Technical and scientific knowledge; be evaluated by a community of peers; have a service orientation and code of ethics

Question 7

Occupation (Definition)

Answer 7

Nursing is an occupation
- The employer and not the nurse decides the conditions and nature of practice
- Nurse practice acts do not prevent nurses from functioning more autonomously

Question 8

Discipline (Definition)

Answer 8

• Nursing is a scientifically based and self governed profession that focuses on the ethical care of others
• nursing is a discipline

Question 9

How can nursing improve its recognition as a profession?

Answer 9

• Standardizing educational requirements
• Uniform continuing education requirements
• Increased participation of nurses in professional organizations
• Educating the public about the true nature of nursing practice

Question 10

Entry into practice (five levels)

Answer 10

• diploma
• ADN
• BSN
• Masters
• Doctorate

Question 11

Forms of formal education (two)

Answer 11

continuing education
in service education

Question 12

Regulation of nursing practice

Answer 12

Nurse practice acts
State boards
Standards of practice

Question 13

What does the ANA do?

Answer 13

National professional organization to belong to

Question 14

What does the NLN do?

Answer 14

establishes and maintains universal standard of education

Question 15

What does the ICN do?

Answer 15

federation of national nursing organizations

Question 16

What does the NSNA do?

Answer 16

represents student nurses

Question 17

Types of care (Direct care)

Answer 17

involves personal interaction between the nurse and clients

Question 18

Types of care (indirect)

Answer 18

is working on behalf of clients to improve their health status

Question 19

What are the 4 purposes of nursing care?

Answer 19

Health promotion
Illness prevention
Health restoration
End of life care

Question 20

Categories of healthcare (3 types)

Answer 20

primary: preventing illness
Secondary: early diagnosis
Tertiary: long term rehabilitation

Question 21

Medicare who is it for?

Answer 21

65 and up and young people with permanent disabilities

Question 22

Medicaid Who is it for?

Answer 22

Provide access to healthcare for low income

Question 23

Affordable care act

Answer 23

Obamacare implemented in 2010

Question 24

HMO’s

Answer 24

Health maintenance organizations

Question 25

PPOs

Answer 25

preferred provider organizations

Question 26

POS

Answer 26

point of service

Question 27

IDN

Answer 27

integrated delivery systems

Question 28

Why should nurses study ethics?

Answer 28

to better advocate for their patients in situations, to help protect the safety of patients

Question 29

Moral distress

Answer 29

inability to carry out a moral decision

Question 30

Moral outrage

Answer 30

belief that others are acting immorally

Question 31

Whistleblowing

Answer 31

They are protected in a majority of cases but it can still be hard to come forward

Question 32

What are some ethical problems nurses face?

Answer 32

- consumer awareness - Technological advances - Multicultural population - Cost constraints - Nature of work - Nature of profession

Question 33

Developmental stage (Kohlberg)

Answer 33

- stage 1 moral based on personal interests - stage 2 focuses on pleasing others - stage 3 moral principles based on justice

Question 34

Ethical frameworks (Consequentialism)

Answer 34

- Teleology - Utilitarianism

Question 35

Ethical Frameworks (Deontology)

Answer 35

- formalism - categorical imperative

Question 36

Autonomy (definition)

Answer 36

One's ability to act out of their own interests

Question 37

Nonmaleficence

Answer 37

do no harm

Question 38

Beneficence

Answer 38

being kind to everyone

Question 39

Fidelity

Answer 39

always keeping promises

Question 40

veracity (definition)

Answer 40

always be truthful

Question 41

Moral decision making model M and O

Answer 41

Message the dilemma Outline options

Question 42

Moral decision making model R A L

Answer 42

Review criteria and resolve Affirm position and act Look back Evaluate decision making

Question 43

Informatics

Answer 43

managing and processing information necessary to make decisions

Question 44

Data (Definition)

Answer 44

unprocessed numbers, symbols, words, no context

Question 45

Information (Definition)

Answer 45

groupings of processed data

Question 46

Knowledge (Definition)

Answer 46

meaningful information created by grouping and compiling information

Question 47

Wisdom (Definition)

Answer 47

Appropriate use of knowledge

Question 48

What are the benefits of students using simulation

Answer 48

- Computer based simulation - High fidelity manikins

Question 49

how informatics enhance the nursing profession

Answer 49

- Reduce barriers to evidence based practice - Facilitates literature review - Provides online sources for and of nursing research - provides literature databases

Question 50

What is ethical agency?

Answer 50

The ability for nurses to act ethically in various situations by doing so with an understanding of moral principles and consequences and in doing so allow patients to make informed decisions about their care.

Question 51

What are two ways automation reduces healthcare errors

Answer 51

- Reduces time to enter prescriptions - It contains an alert system for incorrect values

Question 52

Describe the process of literature database searching (3 steps)

Answer 52

1. Identify the information 2. Formulate a precise definition of the problem 3. Conduct a search