Western-Endocrine System

Question 1

Anterior Pituitary-Growth Hormone

GH

Answer 1

Growth of body cells:
Hypo = dwarfism
Hyper = gigantism/acromegaly

Question 2

Anterior Pituitary-Prolactin

PRL

Answer 2

Initiates & maintains milk secretion of mammary glands.

Question 3

Anterior Pituitary-Adrenocorticotropic

ACTH

Answer 3

Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete hormones.

Question 4

Anterior Pituitary-Thyroid Stimulating

TSH

Answer 4

Controls secretion of hormones by the thyroid. Most sensitive test for Hypothyroidism.

Question 5

Anterior Pituitary-Melanocyte Stimulating

MSH

Answer 5

Stimulates dispersion of melanin for skin color.

Question 6

Anterior Pituitary-Folical Stimulating

FSH

Answer 6

Women: initiate development of ova, induce secretion of estrogen by ovaries
Men: stimulates the testes to produce sperm.

Question 7

Anterior Pituitary-Leutinizing Hormone

LH

Answer 7

Women: w/ estrogen, triggers ovulation & formation of corpus leutium (progesterone).
Men: stimulates interstitial cells in testes to produce testosterone.

Question 8

Posterior Pituitary-Oxytocin

OT

Answer 8

Stimulates uterine contraction during labor, aids mammary in milk ejection.

Question 9

Posterior Pituitary-Antidiuretic Hormone

ADH

Answer 9

Decreases urine volume (increases water retention), raises BP by constricting vessels.

Question 10

Hypothalamus-Releasing & Inhibiting Hormones

Answer 10

Stimulates or inhibits secretion of specific hormones. Works w/ emotions.

Question 11

Thyroid-Thyroid Hormones

Triiodothyronine T3, Thyroxine T4

Answer 11

Regulates metabolism, growth & development, activity of nervous system

Question 12

Thyroid-Calcitonin

Answer 12

Lower blood levels of calcium. Increases calcium storage in bones.

Question 13

Parathyroid-Parathyroid Hormone

PTH

Answer 13

Increases blood levels of calcium. Removes calcium from storage from bones.

Question 14

Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)-Glucagon

Answer 14

Raises blood glucose-conversion of glycogen into glucose (A cells).

Question 15

Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)-Insulin

Answer 15

Lowers blood glucose-transport into cells, convert glucose to glycogen (B cells). Controls carbohydrate metabolism.

Question 16

Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)-GH Inhibiting Factor

Answer 16

Inhibits secretion of insulin and glucagon.

Question 17

Adrenal cortex-Aldosterone

Answer 17

Increases sodium reabsorption & potassium loss.

Question 18

Adrenal cortex-Cortisol

Answer 18

Increases blood glucose levels & participates in carbohydrate metabolism.

Question 19

Adrenal cortex-Androgens & Estrogens

Answer 19

Secreted in minute amounts.

Question 20

Adrenal Medulla-Epinephrine/Norepinephrine

Answer 20

Increases HT, blood pressure & blood glucose levels. Great to counteract stress.

Question 21

Testes-Testosterone

Answer 21

Regulates male sex hormones, increases rate of cellular metabolism & production of RBCs.

Question 22

Ovaries-Estrogen

Answer 22

Produces the female sex cells & sex hormones. Stimulates the enlargement of accessory organs, external structures & develop/maintain of female secondary sexual characteristics, menstrual cycle.

Question 23

Ovaries-Progesterone

Answer 23

Helps the uterus to prepare for pregnancy. Stimulates the development of mammary glands, menstrual cycle.

Question 24

Pineal Gland-Melatonin

Answer 24

A substance formed by the pineal gland that seems to depress gonadal fxn which inhibits reproductive fxn involved in circadian rhythms.

Question 25

Thymus-Thymosin

Answer 25

A group of peptides secreted by the thymus gland that increases production of certain types of WBCs.