Electrolytes

Question 0

Hypercalcaemia

Answer 0

1. Hyperparathyroidism
2. Milk alkali syndrome
3. Hyperthyroidism
4. Sarcoidosis
5. Adrenocortical insufficiency
6. Immobilisation
7. Thiazide diuretics

Question 1

Causes of hypomagnesaemia?

Answer 1

1. Malnutrition
2. Alcohol excess - increases magnesium excretion
3. Prolonged diuretic treatment
4. Chronic mineralocorticoid excess

Question 2

Uses of magnesium

Answer 2

1. Pre-eclampsia - as an anti convulsant
2. Relaxes vascular smooth muscle - casing vasodilatation - lowering MAP
3. Tocolytic drug - decrease uterine contractions
   Acts at NMJ decreasing acetylcholine release - thus neuromuscular function is weakened

Question 3

SIADH

Answer 3

Excess water retention over Na