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HSF+D > Histology Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Histology Connective Tissue Flashcards

0
Q

two categories of dense connective tissue

A

regular and irregular

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1
Q

two broad categories of connective tissue proper

A

loose and dense

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2
Q

three types of specialized connective tissue

A

blood, bone, cartilage

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3
Q

loose connective tissue matrix contains

A

loosely arranged collagen fibers, many cells

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4
Q

many cells: which type of connective tissue

A

loose

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5
Q

few cells, which type of connective tissue

A

dense

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6
Q

problem with healing for dense connective tissue

A

poorly vascularized

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7
Q

cell that forms and maintains extracellular matrix

A

fibroblast

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8
Q

long unbraided polysaccharides, repeating disaccharide units

A

glycosaminoglycancs

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9
Q

protein core with at least one glycosaminoglycan covalently bound

A

proteoglycans

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10
Q

charged fiber in basal lamina of epithelial cells

A

proteoglycans

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11
Q

these molecules help attach cells to ECM

A

adhesive glycoproteins

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12
Q

these molecules alter the growth, survival, morphology, differentiation and motility of cells

A

adhesive glycoproteins

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13
Q

fibronectin is a

A

glycoprotein

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14
Q

most abundant protein in the animal kingdom

A

collagen

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15
Q

collagen chains associate into a _____ handed _____ ______

A

right-handed triple helix

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16
Q

every third amino acid in collagen is a

A

glycine

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17
Q

procallagen chains are _______ until after they leave the cell

A

soluble

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18
Q

proteases that cleave procollagen chains to render them insoluble

A

C and N propeptidase

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19
Q

once insoluble, procollagen is now called

A

tropocollagen

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20
Q

tropocollagen molecules spontaneously assemble into

A

collagen fibrils

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21
Q

enzyme that crosslinks collagen fibrils into fibers

A

lysyl oxidase

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22
Q

fibrous connective tissue surrounding cartilage

A

perichondrium

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23
Q

inner layer of perichondrium

A

chondrogenic layer

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24
Q

vascularity of cartilage

A

avascular

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25
Q

immature cartilage cell

A

chondroblast

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26
Q

mature cartilage cells in matrix or lacunae

A

chondrocyte

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27
Q

cells that change into chondroblasts as needed

A

osteoprogenitor cells

28
Q

list three types of cartilage

A

hyaline, elastic, fibrous

29
Q

type of cartilage without perichondrium

A

fibrous

30
Q

type of collagen within hyaline and elastic cartilage

A

type II

31
Q

type of collagen in fibrous cartilage

A

type I

32
Q

type of cartilage with lots of water

A

hyaline

33
Q

type of cartilage in articular cartilage

A

hyaline

34
Q

type of cartilage in ear and epiglottis

A

elastic

35
Q

this cartilage resembles dense fibrous connective tissue

A

fibrous

36
Q

type of cartilage found in intervertebral disks, menisci, pubic symphysis

A

fibrous

37
Q

bone cells live in

A

lacunae

38
Q

vascular difference between bone and cartilage

A

bone is highly vascular

cartilage is avascular

39
Q

two classes of marrow

A

red and yellow

40
Q

other name for organic material in bone

A

osteoid

41
Q

95% of organic portion of bone

A

type I collagen

42
Q

crystalline structure of Ca in bone

A

hydroxyapatite

43
Q

osteoprogenitor differentiates into ______ when you need some bone

A

osteoblast

44
Q

newly formed bone is called

A

primary or woven

45
Q

woven bone is remodeled into

A

secondary or lamellar bone

46
Q

osteocytes hang out in

A

canaliculi

47
Q

what’s the fancy word for osteocytes stimulating remodeling when there is force on the bone?

A

mechanotransduction

48
Q

bone degraders that are important to keep bone healthy

A

osteoclasts

49
Q

primary transporty part of compact bone

A

Haversian canal

50
Q

center of Haversian canal

A

blood vessel

51
Q

large transverse canals in haversian systems

A

volkmanns canals

52
Q

outer layers of bone

A

circumferential lamellae

53
Q

visualize a cutting cone

A

osteoclasts munching away a tunnel, osteoblasts putting it back together

54
Q

list 3 stages of bone repair

A

inflammatory/reactive
reparative
remodeling

55
Q

timeframe of inflammatory/reactive phase of bone repair

A

1-7 days

56
Q

timeframe of reparative phase of bone repair

A

2-12 weeks

57
Q

timeframe of remodeling phase of bone repair

A

months to years

58
Q

hematoma found in this phase of bone repair

A

inflammatory, reactive

59
Q

formation of granulation tissue found in this phase of bone repair

A

inflammatory reactive

60
Q

bone repair phase with replacement of granulation tissue with hyaline cartilage

A

reparative phase

61
Q

name for hyaline cartilage bandage on broken bone

A

soft callus

62
Q

woven bone replaces soft callus in this stage of bone repair

A

reparative

63
Q

woven bone becomes lamellar bone in this phase of bone repair

A

remodeling

64
Q

synovial fluid is derived from blood plasma, but has lots of

A

hyaluronic acid

65
Q

crank up the PTH, what happens to bone

A

more bone dissolution by osteoclasts

66
Q

crank up the calcitonin, what happens to bone?

A

opposes PTH, reduces osteoclast activity

67
Q

what do androgens and estrogen do to bone?

A

stimulate osteoblasts, closure of epiphysis, increased bone thickness

68
Q

lack of estrogen and weight bearing exercise, effect on bones

A

osteoporosis, pathologic fractures

HSF+D (10 decks)

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