Reproduction

Question 0

Budding

Answer 0

Equal replication followed by unequal cytokinesis (hydro/yeast) daughter cell identical but less cytoplasm

Binary fission and budding are both genetically identical BF equal sized cells Budding unequal sizes

Question 1

Binary fission

Answer 1

Prokaryote (bacteria) circular chromosome attaches to cell wall and replicates while cell grows in size. Grow inward and split to 2 equal cells

Question 2

Parthenogenesis

Answer 2

Adult organism from unfertilized egg, one parent (haploid)

Question 3

Mitosis and meiosis result in

Answer 3

Mitosis results in 2 identical diploid cells (2n) meiosis results in 4 haploid

Question 4

Meiosis prophase 1

Answer 4

Homologous chromosomes come together and intertwine in process called synapsis (differs from mitosis) crossing over

Question 5

Mitosis

Answer 5

2n to 2n
All dividing cells
Homologous chromosomes don’t pair
No crossing over

Question 6

Meiosis

Answer 6

2n to n
Sex cells
Do pair at metaphase forming tetrads
Crossing over can occur

Question 7

Seminal vesicles

Answer 7

Produce/secrete seminal fluid

Question 8

Spermatogenesis occurs where?

Answer 8

Seminiferous tubules

Question 9

Spermatogenesis

Answer 9

Spermatogonia (2n) -> 1degree spermatocytes (2n) meiosis 1 -> 2 degree spermatocytes meiosis 2 (n) -> spermatids (n) -> spermatozoa (n)

Question 10

Gastrulation:

Answer 10

Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 11

Ectoderm

Answer 11

Integ., lens of eye, nervous system, adrenal medulla

Question 12

Mesoderm

Answer 12

Musculoskeletal, circulatory, excretory sys, musc and circ tissue coats of digestive and respiratory sys, adrenal cortex, notochord

Question 13

Endoderm

Answer 13

Epithelial linings of digestive and respiratory tract (lungs) liver, pancreas, thyroid, bladder, urinary, reprod tracts

Question 14

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 14

Separates epiphysis and diaphysis, site of longitudinal growth

Question 15

Periosteum

Answer 15

Surrounds long bone to protect, site for muscle attachment, differentiating into bone forming cells, fibrous sheath

Question 16

Endochondral ossification

Answer 16

Cartilage to bone

Question 17

Intramembranous ossification

Answer 17

Undifferentiated embryonic connective tissue transformed into, replaced by bone

Question 18

Red muscle fibers

Answer 18

Slow twitch, high myoglobin, long distant runner, mitochondria rich, sustained vigorous activity. White fibers are opposite

Question 19

Origin

Answer 19

End of muscle attached to stationary bone in limb muscles: proximal end

Question 20

Insertion

Answer 20

End of muscle attached to bone that moves during contraction in limb muscles: distal end

Question 21

Myogenic activity

Answer 21

Involved without nervous system contractions

Question 22

It is not until after _____________ that the cell becomes haploid

Answer 22

Telophase 1

Question 23

In prophase, the chromatin

Answer 23

Condense into chromosomes the spindle apparatus forms and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear