Chapter 26

Question 1

Definition of acidogenic bacteria

Answer 1

Bacteria in dental biofilm capable of metabolizing fermentable carbohydrates into acids

Question 2

Buffer

Answer 2

substance that by its presence in solution is capable of neutralizing alkali or acid

Question 3

Caries risk assessment

Answer 3

procedure to predict future dental caries development before the clinical onset of the disease

Question 4

Cariology

Answer 4

science and study of dental caries

Question 5

cavity

Answer 5

a hole; the final stage of demineralization and breakdown of the tooth structure

Question 6

cavitation

Answer 6

process in the formation of cavities

Question 7

demineralization

Answer 7

major stage in the entail caries process in which minerals, primarily calcium and phosphorus, are removed from tooth structure by acids formed by acidogenic bacteria

Question 8

dental caries

Answer 8

infectious disease of teeth caused by acidogenic bacteria with dissolution of enamel and dentin and cementum and dentin

Question 9

arrested caries

Answer 9

after remineralization, the caries process is halted; the area usually becomes discolored with a brownish tinge, darker with age and in a tobacco user

Question 10

caviated carious lesion

Answer 10

advanced lesion with break through the tooth surface; contrast with noncavitated carious lesion, when a dull probe passed over a white demineralized area detects no roughness or breakthrough

Question 11

rampant caries

Answer 11

rapidly progressive caries occurring in many teeth simultaneously; also called acute caries in contrast to chronic caries

Question 12

secondary caries

Answer 12

carious lesions at the margin of an existing restoration; also called recurrent caries

Question 13

remineralization

Answer 13

healing process in which minerals are redeposited in the demineralized tooth structure