hip joint

Question 1

what is the acetabulum

Answer 1

the hip socket

Question 2

what are the 3 bones that make up the acetabulum

Answer 2

ileum ischium pubis

Question 3

which parts of the acetabulum is non-articular

Answer 3

the fossa and the acetabular notch

Question 4

which part of the acetabulum bears the most weight

Answer 4

the roof of the lunate

Question 5

what connects the greater and lesser trochanter of the fumer

Answer 5

intertrochanteric line (ant) intertrochanteric crest (post)

Question 6

what is the fovea of the head of the femur

Answer 6

that part of the femur that is not articular - ligament attaches here

Question 7

what is the difference between the hip and shoulder joint

Answer 7

the head of the femur is a lot bigger than the shoulder

Question 8

where are the pressure and traction epiphyses’ of the femur

Answer 8

pressure epiphyses - the the end of the head of the femur traction epiphyses - base of the greater trochanter

Question 9

which direction is the femoral head directed

Answer 9

upwards, medially and forwards

Question 10

which part of the femur head lies outside of the acetebulum

Answer 10

the most anterior part (covered by a bursa)

Question 11

what is the advantage of having a smaller neck compared to the head (for hip joint)

Answer 11

allows greater ROM without contacting the rim of the acetablum

Question 12

what is the function of the psoas bursa

Answer 12

protects the psoas major muscle tendon as it passes down to the lesser trochanter

Question 13

which is the role of the ligament that joins to the fovea of the head of the femur

Answer 13

directs branch of obturator artery to femoral head (has no supporting role

Question 14

what are the 2 trabecular systems of the head of the femur

Answer 14

superior (vertical and arcuate) inferior (medial and lateral)

Question 15

how are the superior and inferior trabecular systems made

Answer 15

• superior - due to compression through the head and neck - inferior - in response to muscle pulls on greater and lesser trochanter

Question 16

what is the position of greatest stability of the hip

Answer 16

extension, abduction and medial rotation

Question 17

what is position of least stability of the hip

Answer 17

flexion, abduction and laterally rotated

Question 18

where is the centre of gravity for the hip

Answer 18

passes behind the centre of joint

Question 19

what are the 3 ligaments that stabilize the hip joint

Answer 19

• iliofemoral ligament (in front - strong) - pubofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments (behind - weak)

Question 20

attachments of the iliofemoral ligament

Answer 20

iliac crest to femur

Question 21

attachments of the pubofemoral ligament and the ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 21

blends with the capsule (no direct attachment to the femur)

Question 22

what are the fibres called that line the hip joint internally

Answer 22

zona orbicularis

Question 23

what is the function of the retinacular fibres

Answer 23

take critical blood vessels to the head of the femur

Question 24

what causes a Trendellenberg gait

Answer 24

gluteus medius unable to contract to prevent pelvic tilt with walking

Question 25

which nerve would carry referred pain FROM the hip? and where would it go

Answer 25

obturator nerve - down the medial aspect of the leg to the medial knee

Question 26

what is the main blood supply to the head of the femur

Answer 26

branches of medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries

Question 27

what nerve is endangered in a posterior dislocation of the hip

Answer 27

sciatic nerve