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Nat 5 Biology > 2.6 Animal Transport > Flashcards

2.6 Animal Transport Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pulmonary vein?

A
  • A blood vessel that transports blood from the lungs to the heart
  • Oxygenated
  • Low pressure
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2
Q

What is the Aorta?

A
  • A blood vessel that transports blood from the heart to the body
  • Oxygenated
  • High pressure
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3
Q

What is the Vena Cava?

A
  • A blood vessel that transports blood from the body to the heart
  • Deoxygenated
  • Low pressure
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4
Q

What is the Pulmonary Artery?

A
  • A blood vessel that transports blood from the heart to the lungs
  • Deoxygenated
  • High pressure
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5
Q

What is a vein?

A

A blood vessel that transports blood towards the heart

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6
Q

What is an artery?

A

A blood vessel that transports blood away from the heart

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7
Q

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

A
  • Left atrium
  • Right atrium
  • Left ventricle
  • Right ventricle
  • Remember the lefts and rights are switched!!
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8
Q

What are the stages of circulation?

A
  1. Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs
  2. The blood recieves oxygen and is pumped back to the heart
  3. The oxygenated blood is then pumped to the rest of the body
  4. The oxygen leaves the blood to be used for respiration in the body and the blood goes back to the heart
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9
Q

What is the function of valves?

A

To prevent back flow of blood

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10
Q

What are the coronary arteries?

A

Coronary arteries supply the heart muscle with blood

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11
Q

What is our first line of defence against invading pathogens?

A

Physical and chemical barriers that are always prepared to defend the body from infection

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12
Q

What are some examples of the first line of defence?

A
  • Skin
  • Stomach acid
  • Platelets (scabs)
  • Tears (containing bacteria - killing enzymes)
  • Mucus in breathing organs
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13
Q

What is the immune system?

A

A network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body

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14
Q

What can white blood cells do?

A
  • Ingest (NOT EAT) and destroy them
  • Produce antibodies to destroy particular pathogens
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15
Q

What are the two types of white blood cells?

A

Phagocytes and lymphocytes

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16
Q

What is a phagocyte?

A

They carry out phagocytosis by engulfing (NOT EATING) and digesting pathogens

17
Q

What is a lymphocyte?

A

They produce antibodies which destroy pathogens. Each antibody is specific to a particular pathogen

Nat 5 Biology (19 decks)

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