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Parasitology - Vic > Week 7 - hendrix book ch 12 & 13 key terms > Flashcards

Week 7 - hendrix book ch 12 & 13 key terms Flashcards

1
Q

Arthropod?

A

jointed foot

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2
Q

Chitin?

A

Hard but elastic body covering that evelopes the entire body of arthropods

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3
Q

Hemolymph?

A

a blood-like fluid that baths the internal organs of an arthropod

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4
Q

Mandibulata?

A

crustaceans, centipedes, millipedes and insects - Most important to vet parasitology

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5
Q

Chelicerata?

A

mites, ticks, spiders and scorpions - Most important to vet parasitology

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6
Q

Crustaceans?

A

Auatic arthropods - serve as intermediate hosts for helminths parasites, including flukes, tapeworms and roundworms, also serve as causal agents as ectoparasites of many fish, amphibians, and exotic reptiles

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7
Q

Myriopodans?

A

centipedes and millipedes - produce venoms and toxic substances (sting, blind and paralyze or even kill)

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8
Q

Insects?

A

largest number of members – most diverse group – important:

  • may serve as causal agents
  • may produce venoms or toxic substances, - - may serve as intermediate hosts for protozoan and helminthes parasites
  • may serve as vectors for bacteria, viruses, spirochetes, rickettsiae, chlamydial agents and other pathogens.
  • have 3 pairs of segmented legs (3 body sections – head, thorax, abdomen)
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9
Q

Insects Head?

A

found at the anterior end (front end) - contains the brain, antennae and ventrally directed mouthparts and eyes

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10
Q

Insects Thorax?

A

middle body section

  • has 3 pairs of legs
  • may have two pairs of wings (many are wingless - fleas, lice)
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11
Q

Insects Abdomen?

A

found at the posterior end (hind section)

- contains the reproductive organs (often)

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12
Q

Insect Simple Metamorphosis?

A

consists of 3 developmental stages (egg, nymphal and adult)

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13
Q

Pupa?

A

wormlike - resting stage

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14
Q

One of the Insecta orders, Dictyopterans means?

A

– cockroaches and grasshoppers

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15
Q

One of the Insecta orders, Coleopterans means?

A
  • beetles
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16
Q

One of the Insecta orders, Hemipterans means?

A

– true bugs

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17
Q

One of the Insecta orders, Hymenopterans means?

A

– ant, bees, wasps, yellow jackets, and other stinging insects

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18
Q

One of the Insecta orders, Anoplurans means?

A

– sucking lice

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19
Q

One of the Insecta orders, Mallophagans means?

A

– chewing lice

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20
Q

One of the Insecta orders, Dipterans means?

A

– two-winged flies

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21
Q

One of the Insecta orders, Siphonapterans means?

A
  • fleas
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22
Q

Chelicerates means?

A

– mites, ticks, spiders, and scorpions

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23
Q

Acarines means?

A

– mites and ticks (not insects) – lack antennae, wings and compound eyes

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24
Q

Acariasis? – infestation with mites or ticks

A

– infestation with mites or ticks

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25
Q

Capitulum?

A

– mouthparts or a fusion of the head and thorax of mites and ticks – two functions of mouthparts – sucking blood or tissue fluids or attaching or holding onto the host

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26
Q

Idiosoma?

A

– abdomen or mites and ticks

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27
Q

Dictyoptera?

A

Cockroaches

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28
Q

Coleoptera?

A

beetles - blister beetles

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29
Q

Lepidoptera?

A

Butterflies and moths

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30
Q

Hymenoptera?

A

Ants, bees, wasps

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31
Q

Hemiptera?

A

true bugs

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32
Q

Hemiptera - Cimex Lectularius?

A

bed bug

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33
Q

Mallophaga?

A

Chewing or biting lice

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34
Q

Dioecious?

A

Having separate sexes – both male and female

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35
Q

Complex metamorphosis?

A

Egg, larva, pupa, and adult

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36
Q

Egg, larva, nymph, adult?

A

Developmental stages in the life cycle of a mite or tick

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37
Q

Importance of arthropods?

A

Causal agents, venom producers, intermediate hosts, vectors

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38
Q

Reproductive potential for arthropods?

A

Tremendous

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39
Q

Hemolymph

A

The “bloodlike” of most arthropods

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40
Q

Arthropodology?

A

the study of arthropods

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41
Q

A developmental stage in a lifecycle of anoplurans and mallophagans?

A

Egg stage – also called a nit

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42
Q

Nit? oval and white and are usually found cemented to the hair or feather shaft

A

oval and white and are usually found cemented to the hair or feather shaft

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43
Q

Nymph? – a developmental stage in a lifecycle of anoplurans and mallophagans (similar in appearance to the adult louse) – the nymph is smaller and lacks functioning reproductive organs and genital openings

A

a developmental stage in a lifecycle of anoplurans and mallophagans (similar in appearance to the adult louse) – the nymph is smaller and lacks functioning reproductive organs and genital openings

44
Q

Adult stage?

A

a developmental stage in a lifecycle of anoplurans and mallophagans similar in appearance to the nymphal stage except that it is larger and has functional reproductive organs

45
Q

Pediculosis?

A

infestation by lice (either mallophagan or anopluran)

46
Q

Diptera?

A

a very large, complex order of insects (have one pair of wings – two wings)

47
Q

Periodic parasite?

A

A parasite that makes frequent visits to a host to obtain nourishment

48
Q

Buffalo gnat?

A

black flies, vary from gray to yellow, have a hump over their head, giving the appearance of a buffalo’s hump

49
Q

New World sand flies?

A

members of the genus Lutzomyia – mothlike flies, head, thorax, and abdomen is hirsute (covered with fine hairs)

50
Q

Queensland itch, sweat itch, sweet itch, summer dermatitis?

A

a condition caused from the Culicoides species (tiny gnats) – causes scratching and rubbing

51
Q

Biting house fly or stable fly?

A

Stomoxys calcitrans

52
Q

Horn fly?

A

Haematobia irritans

53
Q

Sheep ked?

A

Melophagus ovinus – are wingless dipterans, a hairy and leathery appearance

54
Q

Hippoboscid fly?

A

closely related to sheep keds – parasitize wild birds and are blood-feeding dipterans (Lynchia and Pseudolynchia species)

55
Q

Face fly?

A

Musca autumnalis – gather around the eyes and muzzle of livestock – may be vectors in the transmission of Moraxella bovis (pinkeye)

56
Q

Myiasis?

A

infection or infestation of the tissues or organs of humans or domesticated or wild animals by larval members (maggots)

57
Q

Facultative myiasis?

A

the normally free-living larvae adapt themselves to a parasitic dependence on a host

58
Q

Obligatory myiasis?

A

the fly larvae are completely parasitic; that is, they are dependent on the host during development through the life cycle

59
Q

Spiracular plate?

A

– on the posterior end of the fly maggot (each species has its own distinctive spiracular plate)

60
Q

Screwworm fly?

A

Cochliomyia hominivorax – a primary invader of fresh, uncontaminated skin wounds of domestic animals – usually attacking livestock in the southwestern and southern U.S.

61
Q

Reportable parasite?

A

Cochliomyia hominivorax - screwworm fly

62
Q

Reportable parasite?

A

when a parasite has been eradicated from a geological area, if seen must be reported to both state and federal authorities

63
Q

Wolves, warbles?

A

Cuterebra species – infest the skin of rabbits, squirrels, mice, rats, chipmunks, and occasionally dogs and cats – adult flies look like bumblebees

64
Q

Ox warbles, cattle grubs?

A

Hypoderma species – laval species that infect cattle

65
Q

Gadding?

A

running away to avoid the pesky fly Hypoderma lineatum

66
Q

Horse bots or stomach bots?

A

Gasterophilus species have three developmental stages that may be associated with pathology in the horse (a bot knife can be used to remove eggs from the leg of the horse before it infects the horse)

67
Q

Nasal bots or nasal bot flies?

A

Oestrus ovis – produce a respiratory myiasis (infection or infestation) in sheep

68
Q

Siphonapterans?

A
  • fleas
69
Q

Siphonapterosis?

A

– infestation with fleas

70
Q

Flea dirt or flea frass?

A

partially digested blood defecated from adult fleas

71
Q

Acariasis?

A

infestation with mites or ticks

72
Q

Pedicels or stalks?

A

what Sarcoptiform mites legs have this – they can be long or short. If long it can be straight (unjointed) or jointed).

73
Q

Suckers on pedicels?

A

– located at the tip of the pedicel

74
Q

Sarcoptidae family?

A

Sarcoptiform mites that burrow or tunnel within the epidermis

75
Q

Psoroptidae family?

A

Sarcoptiform mites that reside on the surface of the skin or within the external ear canal

76
Q

Scabies?

A

the disease caused by Sarcoptes scabei (this species affect only dogs)- extremely puritic

77
Q

Scaly leg?

A

The species Cnemidocoptes mutans produces this condition in chickens, turkeys, and wild birds.

78
Q

Foot and tail mites?

A

found on the skin surface – predilection sites are the lower part of the hind legs but they may spread to flank and shoulder areas – Chorioptes species

79
Q

Demodicosis?

A

the clinical disease that the mites cause – Deomodex species – residing in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands of humans and most domesticated animals

80
Q

Localized demodicosis?

A

the predominant sign is a patchy alopecia (baldness) especially of the muzzle, face, and forelimbs (thought to occur when dam has close contact with puppy -nursing

81
Q

Generalized demodicosis?

A

characterized by diffuse alopecia, erythema (superficial reddening of the skin, usually in patches), and secondary bacterial contamination over the entire body surface of the dog. Can also infect internal organs.

82
Q

Northern poultry mites?

A

feed intermittently on birds, producing irritation, weight loss, decreased egg production, anemia, and even death. Also known to bite humans. The adult is the only lifestage that feeds on the host.

83
Q

Red mites of poultry?

A

has a distinct red color when it has recently fed on its host’s blood

84
Q

Tropical rat mite?

A

Ornithonyssus (Liponyssus) bacoti – bloodsucking mite can cause severe problems in rats and mice and can also infect hamsters and guinea pigs

85
Q

Walking dandruff?

A

resemble large, moving flakes of dandruff) - mites of the genus Cheyletiella are surface-dwelling (nonburrowing) mites that reside in the keratin layer of the skin and in the hair coat of various definitive hosts, which may be dogs, cats, or rabbits

86
Q

Empodia?

A

the second pair of legs of Myobia musculi, and Radfordia affinis (rodent mites) with clawlike features

87
Q

Palps?

A

appendages found near the mouth in invertebrate organisms used for sensation, locomotion and/or feeding

88
Q

Chelicerae?

A

two cutting or lacerating organs of the capitulum (mouthparts of an acarine (mite or tick)

89
Q

Hypostome?

A

a penetrating, anchorlike sucking organ

90
Q

Pedipalps?

A

two leglike accessory appendages that act as sensors or supports when the tick fastens to the host’s body

91
Q

Scutum?

A

– a hard chitinous plate

92
Q

Inornate tick?

A

– solid-colored (reddish or mahogany) background of the scutum

93
Q

Ornate tick?

A
  • species of ticks with distinctive white patterns on the dark reddish or mahogany background of the scutum
94
Q

Borreliosis ?

A

– Lyme disease

95
Q

Tick paralysis ?

A

– paralysis seen in animals and humans caused by the toxic saliva in some ticks

96
Q

Argasid or soft tick?

A

– a family of ticks with soft bodies

97
Q

Ixodid or hard ticks?

A

– tick family with hard bodies

98
Q

Seed ticks?

A

– six-legged larvae stage of tick lifecycle

99
Q

Spinose ear tick?

A

– Otobius megnini – an unusual soft tick in that only the larval and nymphal stages are parasitic

100
Q

Fowl tick?

A

– Argas persicus – a soft tick of chickens, turkeys, and wild birds. These ticks are periodic parasites

101
Q

Brown dog tick?

A

– Rhipicephalus sanguineus – an unusual hard tick in that it invades both kennel and household environments – feeds almost exclusively on dogs

102
Q

American dog tick or wood tick?

A

– Dermacentor variabilis – can transmit Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, tularemia, and other microbes – a source for tick paralysis

103
Q

Lone star tick?

A

– Amblyomma americanum – a white spot on the apex of its scutum – more conspicuous on the male than the female

104
Q

Gulf coast tick?

A

– Amblyomma maculatum – found in the ears of cattle, horses, sheep, dogs, and humans

105
Q

Texas cattle fever tick or North American tick?

A

– Boophilus annulatus – uses only one host – first arthropod shown to serve as an intermediate host for a protozoan parasite

106
Q

Continental rabbit tick?

A

– Haemaphysalis leporispalustris

Parasitology - Vic (8 decks)

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