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AP Psych > Prologue > Flashcards

Prologue Flashcards

0
Q

Plato

A

Greece, Socrates student, thought mind and body were separate, knowledge is born with us

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1
Q

Psychology

A

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes

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2
Q

Socrates

A

thought mind and body were separate, knowledge is born with us

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3
Q

Aristotle

A

logic and observation, soul and body were one, knowledge isnt preexisting but comes from experiences

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4
Q

Descartes

A

1595-1650, believed ideas were distinct from body, questioned how mind and body communicate, thought nerves were hollow and allowed brain fluid to flow

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5
Q

Francis Bacon

A

founder of modern science, from Britain, thinks brain searches for order and patterns, believed in superstitions

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6
Q

John Locke

A

British philosopher, mind is born a blank slate, tabula rosa

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7
Q

Empiricism

A

the view that knowledge originates in experience, science should rely on observation/ experiments

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8
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

created experimental machine, measured time between hearing and action, wanted to measure atoms of the mind, started first psychological lab in germany

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9
Q

structuralism

A

early form of psych that used introspection to explore structure of the mind

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10
Q

Edward Titchener

A

introduced structuralism and introspection

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11
Q

introspection

A

looking inward, reporting elements of experience, proved unreliable

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12
Q

functionalism

A

focused on mental and behavioral processes of a function and how they allow an organism to adapt, survive, and flourish

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13
Q

william James

A

considered functions of thoughts and feelings, tutored mary calkins, wrote principals of psych, an american

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14
Q

Mary Calkins

A

Harvard PHD, American psychological association

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15
Q

Margaret Floy Washburn

A

Wrote animal mind, second female president of APA, first PhD recognized but second person

16
Q

Humanistic psychology

A

Perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people, personalized methods to study personality and foster personal growth

17
Q

Nature- nurture issue

A

Controversy over contributions genes and experiences made to psychological traits and behaviors

18
Q

Natural selection

A

Charles Darwin, inherited trait values that contribute to reproduction and survival will most likely be based on, nature selects the best traits

19
Q

Levels of analysis

A

Different complementary views from biological to psychological to social culture for analyzing given phenomenon

20
Q

Sigmund freud

A

Influenced self understanding about unconscious effecting behavior

21
Q

Evolutionary perspective

A

How natural selection of traits promotes the perpetuation of ones genes

22
Q

Behavior genetics perspective

A

How much our genes and our environment influence our individual differences

23
Q

Neuroscience perspective

A

How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory images

24
Q

Psychodynamic perspective

A

How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

25
Q

Behavioral perspective

A

How we learn observable responses

26
Q

Cognitive perspective

A

Hoe we encode processes, store, And retrieve information

27
Q

Social-cultural perspective

A

How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures

28
Q

basic research

A

pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

29
Q

applied research

A

scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

30
Q

biological psychologists

A

explore links between brain and mind

31
Q

developmental psychologists

A

study our challenges and abilities from womb to tomb

32
Q

cognitive psychologists

A

experiment with how we perceive think and solve problems

33
Q

personality psychologists

A

investigate our persistent traits

34
Q

social psychologists

A

explore how we view and affect one another

35
Q

counseling psychology

A

branch that assists people with problems in living and achieving greater well being

36
Q

clinical psychology

A

branch that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders

37
Q

psychiatry

A

branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders, practiced by physicians who can provide medical treatment and psychological therapy

AP Psych (15 decks)

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