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World History > Greece/Empires > Flashcards

Greece/Empires Flashcards

0
Q

Odysseus

A

Guy in The Odyssey (story is about him)

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1
Q

Homer

A

A poet in 750 BC he wrote about the Trojan war, the Iliad and The Odyssey

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2
Q

Draco

A

Author of Greek law code

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3
Q

Cleisthones

A

Created the first legislature

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4
Q

What was the first legislature called?

A

Council of 500

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5
Q

Pericles

A

King of Athens Greece during greece’s “golden age”

Believed everyone should take part in government regardless of wealth and social class

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6
Q

Socrates

A

Teacher of Plato

Question everything

Critic of sophists, sentenced to death bc “corruption of youth and failed to respect gods”

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7
Q

Plato

A

Teacher of Aristotle

Wrote “The Republic”

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8
Q

Aristotle

A

Logic and reason, evidence

Alexander the Great’s tutor as a kid

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9
Q

Name 3 Greek play writers

A

Euripides
Aeschylus
Sophocles

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10
Q

Euripides
Aeschylus
Sophocles

A

Greek play writers

“Tragedians” created new form of literature (dramatic/tragic play)

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11
Q

Philip II oh Macedonia

A

Conquered Greece, wanted to control Persian empire

Father of Alexander the Great

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12
Q

Alexander the Great

A

Took over Persian empire, advanced into India, died at young age, very powerful

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13
Q

Herodotus

A

“Father of history”

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14
Q

Euclid

A

Inventor of geometry

Wrote “the elements”

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15
Q

Pythagoras

A

Mathematician

Related sides of right triangle

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16
Q

Hippocrates

A

Father of medicine

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17
Q

Archimedes

A

Mechanical engineering

Invented pulley and levers

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18
Q

What replaced Greece after a while?

A

Rome

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19
Q

Solon

A

Chief official (archon)

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20
Q

3 historical periods of Greece

A

Archaic (1650-700bc)

Classical (700-324bc)

Hellenistic (324-100bc)

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21
Q

Where did Greek influence spread out during Hellenistic period?

A

Greece Persia and Egypt cultures

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22
Q

Where the Greeks monotheistic or polytheistic?

A

Polytheistic

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23
Q

Trojan war

A

Troy (modern turkey) vs Greeks

Economic rivalry between Mycenae and Troy

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24
Q

Persian wars

A

Persia invades Athens and Sparta

Athens = most powerful afterwards

Greeks won (lead to golden age)

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25
Q

Peloponnesian wars

A 
Athens vs Sparta
Greece vs Greece 
End of golden age 
End of Athens 
Fought of control of Aegean Sea

Sparta=on land so Athens can’t use navy, Pericles allowed citizens to move inside city walls, crowded conditions=plague and many deaths (including Pericles)

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26
Q

What goods were traded in Greek empire?

A

Olive oil
Wine
Marble

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27
Q

Cynics

A

They lived a simple and humble life

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28
Q

Epicureans

A

Avoided pain and seeked pleasure

Believed life’s point was to have fun (no god / no afterlife)

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29
Q

Polis

A

City state

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30
Q

Where was Minoan civilization located?

A

Island of Crete

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31
Q

What was Minoan civilization based on?

A

Trade

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32
Q

What culture thrived after Minoans?

A

Mycenaeans

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33
Q

What happened to Mycenaean civilization?

A

Invaded by Dorians

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34
Q

How did greece’s geography prevent unity?

A

Lots of islands, mountainous

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35
Q

Athens lifestyle vs sparta’s

A

Athens - knowledge

Sparta - military

36
Q

Purpose of Sparta dress code?

A

Toughen then up for harsh weather or terrains

37
Q

Spartan women rights?

A

Could inherit property

When men were at war, would run family

38
Q

Accomplishment of Solon

A

Outlawed debt slavery

Opened high offices to more citizens

Granted citizenship to foreigners

Encouraged export of oil and wine

Gave the Athenian assembly more say in important decisions

39
Q

Sovereignty

A

Independent city state

40
Q

Fresco

A

Water color paintings done in wet plaster

41
Q

Knossos

A

Where the rulers of the Minoan empire lived

42
Q

Shrines

A

Areas dedicated to gods or goddesses

43
Q

Acropolis

A

High city state with great marble temples and shrines

44
Q

Citizen

A

Free resident

45
Q

Aristocracy

A

Rule by a hereditary landholding elite

46
Q

Oligarchy

A

Form of government

Power in hands of a few elite

47
Q

Helot

A

State-owned slaves

48
Q

Democracy

A

Government by people

49
Q

Tyrant

A

People who gained power by force

50
Q

Legislature

A

Law making body

Debate law before approve or reject

51
Q

Phalanx

A

A massive tactile formation of heavily armed foot soldiers

52
Q

Archon

A

Chief official

53
Q

Straits

A

Narrow water passages

54
Q

Greece government evolution (order)

A

Monarchy

Aristocracy

Oligarchy

55
Q

Monarchy

A

Government which a hereditary ruler exercises central power

56
Q

Sparta (location) vs Athens

A

Sparta - southern part of Peloponnesus

Athens - north of the Peloponnesus

57
Q

Alliance

A

Formal agreement between two or more nations or powers to cooperate and come to one another’s defense

58
Q

Direct democracy

A

Citizens take part directly in day to day affairs

59
Q

Stipend

A

Fixed salary

60
Q

Jury

A

A panel of citizens who have the authority to make the final judgment in a trial

61
Q

Ostracism

A

Banishing or sending away someone who is seen as a threat

62
Q

Philosophers

A

“Lovers of wisdom”

63
Q

Logic

A

Rational thinking

64
Q

Rhetoric

A

The art of skillful speaking

65
Q

Parthenon

A

A temple dedicated to the goddess Athena

66
Q

Tragedies

A

Plays the tragedians wrote about human suffering and often ended in disaster

67
Q

Greek comedies

A

Playwrights mostly written by Aristophanes

68
Q

Assassination

A

Murder of a public figure

69
Q

Assimilated

A

Absorbed

70
Q

Alexandria

A

Cultural capital

Located in Egypt

71
Q

Greek goddess of wisdom

A

Athena

72
Q

Where did Hittite empire begin?

A

Asia Minor

73
Q

What did the Hittites introduce?

A

Iron

74
Q

3 great empires that dominated Middle East in 1200 bc

A

Hittites
Egyptians
Assyrians

75
Q

Oldest known peace treaty

A

The treaty of kadesh

Hittites and Egypt

76
Q

What did the Phoenicians introduce?

A

Phonics, sound based alphabet

77
Q

What innovation gave Assyrians a military advantage

A

Mountain warfare

78
Q

Earliest known monotheistic culture

A

Hebrews (Israelites)

79
Q

Who is the father of the Hebrews?

A

Abraham

80
Q

Who received 10 commandments from God?

A

Moses

81
Q

Who was greatest Hebrew king?

A

David (12 tribes = 1 nation)

82
Q

David’s son

A

Solomon (Jerusalem into capital)

83
Q

Where is Asia Minor?

A

Modern turkey

84
Q

What do we call Persia today?

A

Modern Iran

85
Q

Yahweh

A

Hebrew God (Jewish)

86
Q

Metallurgy

A

A Domain of materials science And engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements

87
Q

Persian king

A

Darius

World History (9 decks)

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