Quiz 6 Hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

The hypothalamus forms what?

A

Floor for the 4th ventricle & portions of the 3rd ventricles lateral walls

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2
Q

What else is considered apart of the structure of the hypothalamus?

A

Infundibular stalk, and the optic chiasma

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3
Q

What are the 2 zones of the hypothalamus?

A

Medial & lateral zones

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4
Q

The medial zone can be subdivided into?

A

Anterior, intermediate & posterior areas

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5
Q

Has vague control of?

A

hunger, thirst, & sex

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6
Q

Hypothalamus controls ________ aspects of _______ expression

A

Physical, emotional

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7
Q

Hypothalamus has control over _______ functions

A

Visceral (autonomic)

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8
Q

Anterior & intermediate areas
Increases digestive motility
Decreases heart rate
Constriction of the pupil

A

Parasympathetic control

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9
Q

Posterior area (includes the post. nuclei & the mammillary bodies)
Increases heart rate & vasoconstriction
Decreases digestive motility
Responsible for pupil dilation, piloerection & sweat gland secretions

A

Sympathetic control

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10
Q
  • Directly via neuron axon extensions into the posterior pituitary
  • Indirectly via neurohormones to control the release of anterior pituitary hormones
A

Endocrine control from the hypothalamus

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11
Q

Area just above the optic chiasma

A

Anterior area

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12
Q

Nuclei found in the anterior area: (of the medial zone of the hypothalamus)

A

Supraoptic & paraventricular nuclei
Suprachiasmatic Nuclei (SCN)
Anterior nucleus
Preoptic area (nucleus)

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13
Q

This nuclei terminates in the posterior pituitary where they both release _______ and ADH hormones

A

Supraoptic & paraventricular nuclei

Oxytocin

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14
Q

Stimulates uterine contraction & the let down of breast milk

A

Oxytocin

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15
Q

Prevention of urination or help to retain H2O

A

ADH

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16
Q

Nucleus responsible for much of our circadial (daily) rhythms like temp, sleep, light, feeding…

A

Suprachiamatic Nuclei (SCN)

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17
Q

Suprachiamtic Nuclei is complexly connected to the ______ gland & it secretions into the bloodstream

A

Pineal gland

18
Q

Gnerally known for parasympathetic functions

A

Anterior nucleus

19
Q

Thermo-regulator; Esp. as the body HEATS up

A

Preoptic area (nucleus)

20
Q

Nuclei found in the Intermediate area of the medial zone of the hypothalamus?

A

Dorsomedial nuclei
Ventromedial nuclei
Arcuate nuclei
Tuber cinereum

21
Q

Significant GI tract parasympathetic influence, The nucleus is fairly diffuse

A

Dorsomedial nuclei

22
Q

Very complex & many attributes. A center for eating & thirst gratification or fullness center

A

Ventromedial Nuclei

23
Q
  • Near the infundibular stalk
  • Contribute axons to the so-called tract tuberoinfundibular tract
  • Terminate & secrete their neurohormones into the perivascular spaces of the infundibular stalk
A

Arcuate nuclei

24
Q

Neurohormones (of the arcuate nuclei) pass to the anterior pituitary by way of the bloodstream where they influence the release of pituitary hormones. Commonly know as:

A

Releasing factors

25
Q

A term used to describe the undulating bulge between the infundibular stalk & the large mammillary bodies.

A

Tuber cinereum

26
Q

Posterior area include what nuclei?

A

Mammillary bodies

Posterior nuclei

27
Q

Nucleus (with hippocampal formation & anterior thalamic nuclei) important in short term memory

A

Mammillary bodies

28
Q

Korsakov’s Syndrome

A

Loss of short term memory (from alcohol)

29
Q

Thermoregulator: esp. as the body cools down. Stimulating shivering

A

Posterior nuclei

30
Q

______ area is known for diverse sympathetic actions.

A

Posterior area

31
Q

Pars nervosa and neurohypophsysis are another name for?

A

Posterior pituitary

32
Q

The posterior pituitary develops from what embryologically?

A

Diencephalon

33
Q

What is another name for the posterior pituitary ?

A

Pars nervousa or neurohypophysis

34
Q

Which area gives rise to the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) and intermediate pituitary?

A

Rathke’s pouch

35
Q

What would fibers from the hypothalamic nuclei be doing if they descends to specific nuclei for cranial nerve III, VII, IX or X?

A

Parasympathic

36
Q

Most blood to the pituitary & infundibular stalk comes from branches of the?

A

Internal carotid arteries

37
Q

Within the infundibular stalk the small arteries break into highly permeable capillaries called?

A

Fenestrated sinusoids

38
Q

The fenestrated sinusoids pick up ______ _____ from the ________________ tract fibers.

A

Releasing factors ; tuberoinfundibular tract fibers

39
Q

A series of small veins drain the hormone - laden blood b/t 2 capillary beds are called ?

A

Hypophyseal portal vein

40
Q

Once the releasing factors enter the substance of the anterior pituitary they exert a controlling influence on the release of the ?

A

Pituitary hormones