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Clinical physical diagnosis > week 2-teeth > Flashcards

week 2-teeth Flashcards

1
Q

what can poor oral hygine lead to?

A

GI, cardiovascular, respiratory and immune problems

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2
Q

what is halitosis?

A

breath odar

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3
Q

what does faintly sulferous breath indicate?

A

liver failure

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4
Q

what does sweet breath indicate

A

diabetic ketoacidosis

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5
Q

what does ammonia breath indicate?

A

renal failure

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6
Q

what is fetor oris?

A

bad breath originating in the mouth that may be associated with appendicitis

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7
Q

what is xerostomia

A

dryness of the mouth

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8
Q

what can cause xerostomia?

A

mouth breathing, dehydration, diuretics, salivary disease, sialoliths

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9
Q

what can a dark line on gingiva indicate?

A

heavy metal poisoning.

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10
Q

Bruxism?

A

clenching and grinding of teeth

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11
Q

what should we look for on teeth?

A

wearing down, cracks, loss or decay

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12
Q

petechiae

A

broken capillary blood vessels

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13
Q

what should we look at tongue for?

A

oral cancers, tongue movements, enlargement, papillae

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14
Q

What are the 6 diagnoses that are possible on the lips?

A

Recurrent herpes labialis, carcinoma, mucocele, chelitis and angular chelitis

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15
Q

what causes herpes labialis?

A

HSV 1

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16
Q

characteristics of herpes labialis?

A

Prodrome itch or burn 12-36 hours, cluster of vesicles, rupture, crusting

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17
Q

what is a trigger for reccurent herpes labialis

A

UV light, stress, trama, menstruation,

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18
Q

what is a concern for those with herpes labialis?

A

auto inocculation to skin or eyes

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19
Q

what type of cancer is ususally of the lip?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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20
Q

does squamous cell carcinoma spread?

A

High risk of metastasis

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21
Q

what does SCC lip lesion look like?

A

painless, sharp edges, doesnt heal, grows slow, can bleed

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22
Q

what is DDx for SCC of the lip?

A

may look like a plaque or verrucous

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23
Q

how would SCC be diagnosed?

A

biopsy

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24
Q

what is a mucocele?

A

soft cyst, mucin filled cavity with mucus glands lining cavity,

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25
Q

where is a mucoele most common

A

lip, and under tongue

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26
Q

what is the cause of a mucoele?

A

minor injury to ductal system of labial or sublingual salivary gland

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27
Q

main features, of mucoele?

A

clear or bluish bubble, movable, 1-2cm, it can burst and reappear

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28
Q

what is chelitis?

A

chapped lips

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29
Q

what could cause chapped lips?

A

wind burn, allergies, lip licking and retinoids

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30
Q

danger of chapped lips?

A

may become infected

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31
Q

what is angular chilitis?

A

deep cracks at labial commissure , spits, bleedin and shallow ulcers possible.

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32
Q

what could cause angular chilitis?

A

ill fitting dentures, bite change, poor oral hygine, dry mouth, Deficiency of B2, B12 and iron def anemia

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33
Q

what lab would be used to confirm angular chelitis?

A

KOH to rule out candida

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34
Q

what is plummer vinson syndrome

A

syndrom with chelitis, iron def anemia and upper esophagus web

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35
Q

what are the 16 mouth diagnosis?

A

oral lichen planus, leukoplakia, erythoplakia, oral SCC, Melanoma, fordyce spots, stomatitis, oral candidiasis, pseudomembranous stomatitis, recurrent apthous stomatitis, minor-major form apthous ulcers, herpetiform ulces, heretic gingivostomatis, oral erythema multiforme, chancer

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36
Q

oral lichen planus looks like what?

A

non erosive, lace like white papule or streak, like white marbling

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37
Q

where is oral lichen planus mostly?

A

buccal to gingival margin, so inner cheek mostly

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38
Q

what should you try to help confirm oral lichen planus?

A

try to wipe it off, it should not wipe off.

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39
Q

What is leukoplakia?

A

white patches or plaques that cannot be wiped off

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40
Q

where can leukoplakia be found?

A

all over the mouth.

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41
Q

why would we biopsy to confirm leukoplakia?

A

to make sure it isn’t SCC, verrucous carcinoma etc.

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42
Q

if something looks like leukoplakia but wipes off, what could it be?

A

candidiasis or an asprin burn

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43
Q

Characteristics of leukoplakia patches?

A

white, grey or yellowish, flaking paint so sort of thick., may be rough if palpable

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44
Q

what can cause leukoplakia

A

trauma, dentures, tobacco, alcohol, syphilis, vit deff, endocrine, AIDs

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45
Q

erythroplakia is what

A

red macule or plaque with a soft texture and and demarcated edge

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46
Q

what is concerning about leukoplakia

A

precancerous hyperplasia of squamous epi, may turn to cancer slowly

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47
Q

what is concerning about erythroplakia?

A

precancerous cancer in 40%of cases

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48
Q

what causes erythroplakia?

A

unknown but its from epithelial displasis

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49
Q

Oral squamous cell carcinoma looks like what?

A

has red border, may look like leukoplakia or erythroplakia, and be ulcerated.

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50
Q

what could be the first indication of oral SCC?

A

mass in neck.

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51
Q

who gets oral SCC

A

smokers, alcoholics and HPV 16

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52
Q

why is it importaint to biopsy any persisten papules, plaques, erosions or ulcers?

A

SCC

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53
Q

Melanoma looks like what

A

pigmented lesions, assymetric, irregular border, variable color, diameter increasing, and E

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54
Q

DDX for melanoma is what?

A

oral melontic maccules

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55
Q

what happens if you press on a melanoma?

A

it doesn’t blanch

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56
Q

what are fordyces spots?

A

benign neoplasm from sebaceous gland, they look like little grains

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57
Q

what do fordyce spots look like?

A

white to yellow tiny 1-2mm papules that are in a cluster, thinning as they move away.

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58
Q

when are fordyce spots more common

A

20-30yo

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59
Q

what is a stomatitis?

A

inflammation of oral tissues from local or systematic conditions.

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60
Q

what def could cause stomatitis?

A

vit B, vit C, iron.

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61
Q

what is oral candidiasis also called

A

thrush

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62
Q

what is oral candidiasis and what is it caused by?

A

oral fungal infection by candida albicans, glabrata or tropicalis.

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63
Q

what does oral candidiasis look like

A

slightly raised soft white plaque that may have burning sensation associated with it.

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64
Q

how could you make sure that oral candidiasis wasn’t leukoplakia?

A

oral candidiasis wipes away altough it may cause a bit of bleeding.

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65
Q

how could you confirm oral candidiasis?

A

KOH prep

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66
Q

what would recurrent persistent oral candidiasis warrant?

A

immune status evaluation

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67
Q

what is pseudomebranous stomatitis?

A

inflammatory reaction, produces a membrane like exudate

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68
Q

what are some symptoms that go along with pseudomembrane stomatous

A

can be localized but may have feaver, malaise also

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69
Q

what would cause pseudomembranous stomatitis?

A

chemical irritants or bacterial infections.

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70
Q

what is a recurrent apthosus stomatitis?

A

acute necrotizing ulcerations or oral mucosa - cancre sore,

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71
Q

description of apthosus stomatitis

A

painful, round/oval, grey shallow ulcers with red boarder on movable mucosa

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72
Q

can apthosus stomatitis have a prodrome

A

yep, burning or tingling

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73
Q

what may cause apthosus stomatitis?

A

trama, tooth brush, bite, allergies to food or chemicals, stress, celiac IBS

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74
Q

what def could cause apthosis stomatitis?

A

Vitamin B12, Iron, and Folic acid. This is slightly different from stomatitis in general

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75
Q

what could possible mediate apthosis stomatitis?

A

T-cell mediated is possible

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76
Q

what are the three types of apthous ulcers?

A

herpetiform ulcers, minor form aphthous and major form aphthosus.

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77
Q

what type of aphthous ulcers are more common in childhood

A

minor form aphthous ulcers

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78
Q

what type of aphthous ulcers are more common after puberty

A

major form aphthous ulcers.

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79
Q

how long do mino aththous ulcers last

A

up to 7-10 days without scarring

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80
Q

how long to major apthosis ulcers last?

A

up to 6 weeks with scarring

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81
Q

size of minor aphthous ulcers

A

less than 1 cm and are oval

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82
Q

size of major aphthouss ulcers

A

up to 2 cm with ragged edges

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83
Q

color of minor for aphthous ulcers

A

yellow grey wit yellow raised border with red halo.

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84
Q

what is the most severe form of mouth ulcers?

A

herpetiform ulcers

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85
Q

what form of apthous ulcers are more common in females with adult onset

A

herpetiform ulcers

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86
Q

what do herpetiform ulcers look like

A

multiple pinpoint lesions under 3mm each in clusters that combine into ulcers.

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87
Q

how long do herpetifor ulcers last?

A

less than 1 month

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88
Q

which of the aphthous ulcers are singular

A

minor aphthous ulcers

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89
Q

DDx for herpetiform ulcers 5?

A

trauma, pemphigus vulgaris, cictrical pemphigoid, crohns, sprue

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90
Q

what is herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

cold sore also caused by HSV-1

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91
Q

does herpetic gingivostommatitis have prodromal symptoms?

A

yes, pain burning, feaver, maliase

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92
Q

what do herpetic gingivostomatitus lesions look like

A

eruption of vesicular lesions with an erythematous base that crusts

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93
Q

what mouth surface are gingivostomatitus lessions located on?

A

unmoveable oral mucosa

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94
Q

how long do oral cold sores last

A

1-2 weeks, maybe with fever

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95
Q

how are oral cold sores, herpetic gingivostomatitus diagnosed

A

Tzank smear, immunofloroesence, viral culture.

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96
Q

what could herpetic gingiovostomatitus DDX

A

apthous stomatitis, erythmatous multiforme, drug eruptions, pemphigus

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97
Q

Oral erythema multiforma is what

A

hypersensitivity reaction to HSV, organisms , drugs or idiopathic

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98
Q

what does erythema multiforma look like?

A

painfull stomatitus, sudden hemorrhagic vesicles with bullae and red base that burst leaving painful crusting.

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99
Q

does erythema multiforma have prodrome

A

sinusitis and rhinitis

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100
Q

other symptoms with erythema multiforma

A

high fever 4-5 days, severe systemic symptoms, and target lesions on rest of body

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101
Q

what could erythema multiforma DDX

A

apthous stomatitis, allergic stomatitis, pemphigus, herpes.

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102
Q

how could you tell that erythema multiforma isnt herpes?

A

I would look for the target lesions to confirm EM, and herpies is either on vermilian border ofouter lips or immovable mucosa , EM is on lips or any mucosa

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103
Q

how would you differentiate between erythema multiforma and apthous stomatitis?

A

aphthous stomatis all versions have ulcers without crusting

104
Q

what is a Chancre

A

single ulcerated lesion formed during primary stages of syphillis

105
Q

characteristics of Chancre

A

painless, single, no central necrotic tissue

106
Q

how can we tell that a chancre isn’t a aphthous stomatitis of some sort?

A

chancre doesn’t have necrotic tissue in the center

107
Q

what is the bacteria that causes canchre, syphillis

A

treponema pallidum

108
Q

where can chancre be found

A

lips tongue or genitals, so if you find one, check genitals also

109
Q

how can syphillis be diagnosed?

A

PCR

110
Q

what are 5 more mouth irritation inflammation diagnoses

A

Frictional hyperkeratosis, epulis fissura, denture sore spot, irritation fibroma

111
Q

what causes frictional hyperkeratosis

A

chronic friction from biting or dentures

112
Q

what does frictional hyperkeratosis look like?

A

white, hyperkeratotic lesions, may be white like where teeth meet. Can look like leukoplakia

113
Q

what should you do if unsure if its frictional hyperkeratosis

A

biopsy and concider it idiopathic leukoplakia

114
Q

epulis fissura is what?

A

denture caused hyperplasia,

115
Q

what does epulis fissurea look like

A

painless folds of tissure with denture edge impression, can be red or ulcerated.

116
Q

what is texture of epulis fissurea?

A

firm or spongy

117
Q

what does denture sore spot look like

A

ulcers, painful, overlying grayish necrotic membrane surrounded by red halo.

118
Q

denture sore mouth?

A

exreamly red mucosa, under dentures, sharp demarkation, burning senstioan

119
Q

what probably causes denture sore mouth

A

allergy to acrylic or denture glue, fungal infection

120
Q

irritation fibroma is what

A

Painless swelling less than 1cm that is lighter than rest of mucosa on buccal, lat tongue or lower lip.

121
Q

when is irritation fibroma most common?

A

20-49yo

122
Q

what is the texture of irritation fibroma?

A

firm resilient or soft and spongy.

123
Q

how is irritation fibroma DDx?

A

location - tongue, neurofibroma, granular cell tumor, lower lip buccal, lipoma, mucocele or salavary gland tumor

124
Q

how would you determin its irritation fibroma not mucocele?

A

color of mucocele is clear or bluish and its 1-2cm so its larger

125
Q

how would you determin its irritation fibroma not a lioma

A

color of lipoma is yellowish and made of fat, irritation fibroma is just swelling

126
Q

what are 7 other mouth edema and other things

A

angioedema, hereditary angioedema, palatal/mandibular torus, hemangioma, varicosities, papilloma, lipoma,

127
Q

what is angioedema

A

acute swelling of skin, mucosa and submucosa with rapid onset.

128
Q

signs and sx of angioedema

A

painless, non puritis, non pitting, well circumscribed rapid onsed. , there may be itchy rash Edema.

129
Q

what causes angioedema?

A

Allergic response, but not IgE, food, medication, stress, infection and autoimmuned disorders

130
Q

why is angioedema a concern?

A

it may obstruct airway causing death

131
Q

Hereditary angioedema

A

edema that is rare, autosomal dominant of face, airway hands and feet without an itch.

132
Q

what can accopany a hereditary angioedema attack?

A

abdominal pain, vimiting, diarrhea and NON itchy rash

133
Q

what is palatal or mandibular torus?

A

nodular bone protuberence, slow growing on upper or lower palate

134
Q

who is most likely to get torus?

A

women before age 30

135
Q

Hemangloma is what

A

proliferation of blood vessesl.

136
Q

what does hemangloma look like?

A

flat or raised but deep red or bluish red, similar to blood blister

137
Q

what is DDX for hemangloma

A

artervenous fistula if histry of trauma

138
Q

concern for hemangloma

A

infection if its in a spot that causes biting.

139
Q

varicosities are what

A

dilated tortuous veins in oral cavity, varicose veins.

140
Q

what would cause mouth varicosities

A

increased hydrostatic pressure and poor tissue support

141
Q

Papilloma is caused by what

A

HPV

142
Q

what does papilloma look like

A

wart less than 1 cm, well circumscribed, pedunculated benign growth.

143
Q

DDX for papilloma

A

verruciform xanthomas

144
Q

lipoma is what?

A

painless benign slow growing mass of adipos tissue on cheek or tongue

145
Q

what does lipoma look like

A

yellowish, tis rubbery and mobile

146
Q

what are the 4 conditions of the salivary glands?

A

sialadenitis, sialolisthesis, sjogrens syndrome, xerostomia

147
Q

what is sialadenitis

A

benign swelling seen in many systemic diseases ,infections etc.may or may not be painful

148
Q

example that wiould have sialadenitis?

A

mumps,

149
Q

what is sialolisthesis

A

salivary duct stones causing swelling associated with eating

150
Q

what is sjogrens syndrome

A

systemic inflammation that is associated with dry eyes, mouth and mucus membranes

151
Q

what can cause Xerostomia

A

drugs, diruetics sjogrens, dehydration mouth breating

152
Q

why is xerostoma concerning

A

contributes to tooth decay

153
Q

what are 6 concerns for teeth and gums?

A

gingivitis, vincents angina, periodontitis, caries, toothache , tooth loss,

154
Q

what is gingivitis?

A

inflammation of gums with redness pocket formation,

155
Q

signs and symptoms of gingivitis

A

bright red and swolen, receding gums, painless unless pressure, easily bleed.

156
Q

prevention of gingivitis

A

good oral hygine,

157
Q

what can cause gingivitis?

A

poor oral hygine, food impaction, mouth breething, drugs, phenytoin, and nifedipine

158
Q

what two drugs are known to cause gingival hypertrophy

A

dilantin, phenytoin, and nifedipine

159
Q

what is vencents angina

A

trench mouth, acute infection of gingiva

160
Q

what causes vincints angina?

A

fusiform bacteria and spirochetes, poor hygine, stress, malnutrition

161
Q

where is vincents angina most common

A

smokers, alcholicis and HIV

162
Q

signs and symptoms of vincents angina

A

progressive, painfull infection with ulceration, swelling and sloughing off of dead tissues, effecting all gum tissue, bad odar. Punched out

163
Q

what is peridontitis

A

infection of peridontium, inflammation of peridontal lig. Gingival cememtum and alveolar bone

164
Q

what causees peridontitis, etiology.

A

progressive gingivitis, that allows for growth of anerobic bacteria in pockets that leads to bone loss.

165
Q

risks of peridontis

A

poor hygine, diabetes II, leukemia, Chrons disease

166
Q

signs and symptoms of peridontis

A

no pain unless acute, food impaction, tooth tender to percussion, visible plaque, red swollen gums with exudate.

167
Q

what causes dental caries

A

bacteria in plaque release acids that erode enamel.

168
Q

why do meth users lose their teeth

A

xerostoma, bruxism, poor nutrition and hygine.

169
Q

symptoms of carries

A

pain with hot, cold , sweet or beverages.

170
Q

what are serious concomitant symptoms with toothache?

A

headache, fever, swelling, tenderness at floor of mouth, CN abnormalities.

171
Q

what can cause tooth ache

A

caries, peridontitis, wisdom teeth, teething, sinusitis

172
Q

what should our response to apical absess be?

A

urgent dental referral

173
Q

response to ludwigs Angina?

A

emergency room

174
Q

Resonse to cavernous sinus thrombosis?

A

emergency room

175
Q

what would an apical tooth absess look like?

A

infection of deep root, severe pain with possible swelling of mucosa over tooth.

176
Q

what is ludwigs angina

A

cellulitis (skin infection)of mouth floor from infection

177
Q

SSX of ludwigs angina

A

swelling, maliase, fever, dysphagia, stridor

178
Q

SSX or cavernouus sinus thrombosis

A

headache, vision change, paralysis of cranial nerves.

179
Q

what can cause cavernous sinus thrombosis

A

staph or strep infection that can clead to blood clot in cavernous sinus

180
Q

why would adults lose teeth

A

trauma, decay, gum disease, meth

181
Q

what are some problems with the tongue

A

difficulty moving, deviation, taste abnormalities, color changes, pain, hair, tremor, furrows, dry. Smooth, enlarged

182
Q

what would cause deviation of tongue

A

CN XII, hypoglossal parylasis

183
Q

what would cause tast abnormalities

A

facial or glossopharyngeal CN damage, medication side effect, trauma,

184
Q

what def can cause taste abnormalities

A

B3, Zn deficiency

185
Q

what conditons can cause taste abnormalitys

A

bells palsy, MS.

186
Q

what is a geographic tongue?

A

localized area loss of filiform palille, leaving red patches with white or yellow borders.

187
Q

DXX for geographic tongue?

A

leukoplakia, candidiasis, psorisis, lichen planus

188
Q

white or yellow tongue from what

A

local irritation

189
Q

what def can cause a red tongue

A

folic acid and B12

190
Q

what conditions can cause a red tongue

A

celiac, scarlet fever, pellagra.

191
Q

Hyperpigmentation of tongue

A

drugs, addisons disease

192
Q

what causes a hairy tongue?

A

hyperplasia of filiform pa;illae.

193
Q

what may cause hairy tongue?

A

oxidizing mouth wash, poor oral hygine, AIDs, drugs, tobacco

194
Q

what can cause tongue pain

A

trauma, smoking, neuropathy, cancer, ulcers, leukoplakia, menopause burning tongue, dentures, refered pain from heart

195
Q

Why can tongue tremor be a concern?

A

neurological disease of lower motor neurons, brain stem lesions or hypoglossal neuropathy.

196
Q

what can a fine tongue tremor indicated

A

hyperthyroidism

197
Q

what can a course tremor indicate

A

nervousness

198
Q

what furrows in tongue are congenital

A

deep transverse

199
Q

what should you concider with deep midline tongue furrows

A

dehydration of syphilis

200
Q

dry tongue with furrows

A

dehydration

201
Q

dry tongue without furrows think what

A

sjogrens

202
Q

what does atrophic glossitis look like

A

atrophy of filiform papillae small, smooth glossy tongue that may be red and painful.

203
Q

what could cause atrophy of filiform papillae

A

Low HCL, B12, folic acid, iron and proteind def., celiacs

204
Q

What could cause enlarged tongue

A

allergic reactions, leukemia, downs, pellagra, strep

205
Q

Glossitis is what

A

acute or chronic inflammation of tongue

206
Q

what may indicacate pernicious anemia

A

inflammed tongue that is pale.

207
Q

firey red tongue may indicate what?

A

B vit def.

208
Q

throat conditions

A

acute pharyngitis, viral pharyngitis, bacterial pharyngitis, diptheria, tonsilitis, peritonsilar absess, arapharyngeal absess, retropharyngeal abscess, pharnyx infection, velopharyngeal insufficency, malignancies in pharynx

209
Q

what type of pharyngitis is very common

A

viral, 90 percent of the time

210
Q

what are two comon viral infectons that cause pharyngitis

A

adenovirus and epstin barr virus, mono)

211
Q

adenovirus pharyngitis

A

throat is NOT red,no fever, painful, runny nose, modest node enlargment, 24-48 hour to get sore

212
Q

Infectious mono

A

No fever, exudative tonsilitis, kissing tonsils, signifigant node swelling, splenomegaly, fatigue, weight loss,

213
Q

what labs to detect mono?

A

CBC that show abnormal lymphocytes, and monospot

214
Q

what is different between bacterial and viral pharygitis

A

bacterial onset is faster, fever, redder throat, and larger nodes

215
Q

what is intersting about viral pharyngitis throat?

A

cobbelstoning

216
Q

what does bacterial pharyngitis look like

A

beefy red, unilateral swelling, quick onset, high temp, headache,

217
Q

what causes most bacterial pharyngitis?

A

Group A streptococus

218
Q

what questions to determine GAS for bacterial pharyngitis?

A

Modified center criteria, absence of cough, tenter ant cervical, exudate gram stain culture.

219
Q

what does rapid strep test do?

A

positive rules in strep, a negative doesn not rule out strep.

220
Q

what is modified center criteria good for

A

terrible at ruling in, but good at ruling out strep.

221
Q

what is dipthera caused by

A

corneybacterium mostly in other countries.

222
Q

what does diptheria look like?

A

dirty grey speudomembrain, dyspenea, low fever, nausea and vomiting.

223
Q

how is diptheria diagnosed?

A

gram stain.

224
Q

what is complication of diptheria

A

myocarditis, NS toxicity

225
Q

what is tonsilitis

A

acute inflammation of palatine tonsils

226
Q

SSX of tonsilitis

A

sudden onset, hight fever, malise, vomiting, bad breath, enlarged tonsil, exudate

227
Q

what causes tonsilitis

A

Bacterial, group A strep, viral, EBV , adenovirus

228
Q

what are complications of tonsilitis?

A

peritonsilar absess, tonsillotolithis, hypertrophy of tonsils

229
Q

what is peritonsilar absess?

A

absess between tonsil and pharyngeal constrictor muscle.

230
Q

complications of strep

A

Pandas pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with strep, Rheumatic fever, toxic shock, glomerulonephritis

231
Q

signs of peritonsilar absess?

A

worsening unilateral sorness that can be seen from INSIDE, fever, headache, high fever, limit mouth opeing

232
Q

what is parapharyngeal absess

A

absess lateral to superior constrictor muscle and close to corodid

233
Q

sign of parapharyngeal absess?

A

seen from OUTSIDE, swolen anterior triangle ofneck

234
Q

what should we do if we see parapharyngeal absess

A

I don’t know, its super serious, refer?

235
Q

what should we do if we see a retropharyngeal abscess

A

refer to ER, medical emergency, including airway complcations.

236
Q

whhat is retropharyngeal abscess

A

infection of deep space in neck., infection spreads from nose ,ears, sinus etc.

237
Q

SSX or retropharyngeal abscess

A

pain, sore throat, pain on swallowing, jaw stiffness, lump in throat, chills, fever,

238
Q

chronic irritatio nof pharynx causes what

A

cobbelstoning

239
Q

what is velopharyngeal insufficiency?

A

incomplete closure of sphincter between oro an nasal pharyns, inpaired speech andeating.

240
Q

what is the most common malignancy in the pharynx?

A

SCC

241
Q

what does pharynx malignancy look like

A

mass in neck, pain by abnormal throat sticking, tumor is red smooth and can look similar to erythoplakia

242
Q

what is hoarsness

A

structural changes to vocal cords that impair ability to vibrate.

243
Q

why would child be horse

A

vocal abuse

244
Q

laryngitis is what

A

hoarse voice or loss of voice because of vocal cord irritation.

245
Q

what can cause laryngitis

A

infection, inflammation, coughing

246
Q

what to do with epiglottitis

A

medical emergency, don?t examine

247
Q

what is SSX of epiglottitis

A

fever, difficulty swallowing ,drooling, appers very ill and anxious.

248
Q

who does epiglottitis mostly effect

A

2-5 yo

249
Q

DXX for epiglottitis

A

group, peritonsilar abscess, retropharyngeal absess.

250
Q

how would you know it was eppiglottitis not peritonsilar absess?

A

peritonsilar is after tonsilitis, rare in infants, droolin in eppi

251
Q

how would you know it was epiglottitis not retropharangeal absess?

A

sore thhroat, jaw stiffness, for retropharangeal, still super serious!

252
Q

vocal cord polyp

A

horseness, vocal abuse, allergies, irritants diagnosed by visualization and biopsy

253
Q

what causes vocal cord contact ulcers

A

gastric reflux

254
Q

what is the most common cancer in head and neck?

A

layrngeal scc

255
Q

Lump in necks in kids?

A

tonsilitis, TB, brachial cysts

256
Q

lump in adult necks

A

inflamatory or neoplastic nodules.

Clinical physical diagnosis (7 decks)

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