2.8 Flashcards
(27 cards)
What reaction is important with the benzodiazepines?
Oxidation at Carbons alpha to Carbonyls and Imines
Where do aliphatic oxidation’s take place?
On the terminal methyl (omega) or omega-1 (methyl before terminal methyl)
In aliphatic oxydation (hydroxylation) which reaction is preferred?
omega-1 reaction
Where does Oxidative N-dealkylation take place?
C-N system
N-dealkylations take place on:
Aliphatic Amines Alicyclic Amines Substituted amines
Speed of Oxidative N-dealkylations?
Generally fast
What happens to oxidation at a carbon alpha to the N?
Gives an unstable carbinolamine
Dealkylation rates
3 > 2 > 1 >
Which aliphatic groups are dealkylated?
Aliphatic groups with H atoms alpha to the N
What do Oxidative O-dealkylations occur on?
Ethers
What do Oxidative S-dealkylations occur on?
Thioethers
What enzymes are used in Oxidative Deamination?
MFO, MAO, and Diamine oxidase
What is MAO?
Flavin containing enzyme located on the other membrane of mitochondria
What does Oxidative Deamination occur on?
Only aliphatic amines
What is the enzyme for the Oxidation of 1’ and 2’ alcohols?
Alcohol dehydrogenase
What is the coenzyme of the Oxidation of 1’ and 2’ alcohols?
NAD+
3 enzymes involved in the oxidation of aldehydes?
NAD+ specific aldehyde dehydrogenase xanthine oxidase aldehyde oxidase and others
Enzymes involved in Amine Oxidations?
MFO and NADPH-flavin dependent monooxygenases
Coenzyme for Reductions
NADPH
What is the result of a reduction of an aldehyde or ketone?
1’ or 2’ alcohols
What groups does nitroreduction involve?
Both aliphatic and aromatic nitrogen groups
3 Mammalian nitroreductase enzymes
aldehyde oxidase
xanthine oxidase
DT diaphorase
What is an azoreduction?
Reducion between R-N=N-R’ –>R-NH2 + R”-NH2
What does the hydrolysis of Carbamates yeild?
An amine, an alcohol, and a carbon dioxide
