Midterm Flashcards
What are peanut hulls considered
Non fermentable fiber
What is maltose
Disaccharide
What is wheat considered
Digestible polysaccharide
What is beet pulp considered
Moderately fermentable fiber
What is galactose considered
Monosaccharide
What is maltase considered
Mucosal brush border enzyme
What is amylase considered
Pancreatic enzyme
Name to general functions of fiber in the diet of dogs and cats
Provide satiety which is by the delayed gastric emptying. Form stool: allows for hardening of stool due to water retention and absorption
Explain how fermentable fiber is beneficial
It is beneficial because it promotes the growth of good bacteria in her intestines. Also the short chain fatty acids feed lining of large intestines
Insulin facilitates the entry of what importing nutrients from the blood into cells
Glucose
What is the name of the enzyme produced by the pancreas to digest starch
Amylase
Where are the enzymes lactase sucrose and Maltase located
All three are located in the brush border of the small intestine
What are the three nutrient classes that supply energy
Carbs, fat and protein
What are the energy requirements of cats and dogs as well as the energy content of petfood expressed as
Gross energy
Which nutrient is the most concentrated source of calories in petfood
Fat
Name for functions of proteins of the animals body
❤️Helps create the structure for cells. ❤️Helps in the production of keratin. ❤️Help support the muscles of the animal.
❤️Helps act as a secondary source of energy in energy deficient situations
In the process of digestion protein is broken down into what
Amino acids
Name two factors that determine protein quality
Digestibility of the protein and the biological value of the protein
Name a medical condition that would require restricted protein diet
Renal problems
Which amino acid is essential for the cat but not for the dog
Taurine
Where does protein digestion start
In the stomach
Protein digestion continues where
In the small intestine
Where are the enzymes trypsin and Chymotrypsin produced by
Pancreas
What is the definition of polypeptide
Long chains of peptides
What are polypeptides broken down into by the mucosal brush border
Amino acids
How do absorbed amino acids travel to the liver
Through they hepatic portal vein
If the amino acid is going to be used for energy what must the liver remove from it
Nitrogen
When the nitrogen is removed from the amino acid it’ll enter the ammonia cycle and be converted to what
Urea
What is the energy cycle of all cells
Krebs
Give me example of what can happen to an amino acid if it isn’t used for energy
Can be used to rebuild cells
In cats which amino acid is essential for the ammonia cycle
Argenine
State four functions of fat in the diet
❤️Provide energy for body.
❤️Allow body to dissolve fat-soluble vitamins.
❤️Insulate body to protect from Harsh temperatures.
❤️Fat storage on body
What is the optimal ratio of n6 and the n3 in the diet
5:1
Name two ingredients that supply Omega 3 fatty acids
Fish oil and fish meal
Which essential fatty acid is required preformed by the cat but can be synthesized from lenoleic acid in the dog
Arachodonic
Both dogs and cats require the essential fatty acid
Linoleic acid
What is the enzymes from the pancreas that helps with fat digestion
Lipase