Ch. 2: The Biological Basis of Behavior

Question 1

neurotransmitter that causes the receiving cell to stop firing.

Answer 1

Inhibitory

Question 2

part of the limbic system located in the center of the brain, it acts as a relay from the lower part of the brain to the proper areas of the cortex

Answer 2

Thalamus

Question 3

the cell body of the neuron, responsible for maintaining the life of the cell.

Answer 3

Soma

Question 4

endocrine gland located near the base of the cerebrum which secretes melatonin.

Answer 4

Pineal

Question 5

endocrine gland that controls the levels of sugar in the blood.

Answer 5

Pancreas

Question 6

fatty substances produced by certain glial cells that coat the axons of neurons to insulate, protect, and speed up the neural impulse.

Answer 6

Myelin

Question 7

the basic cell that makes up the nervous system and which receives and sends messages within that system.

Answer 7

Neuron

Question 8

glands that secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Answer 8

Endocrine

Question 9

long tube-like structure that carries the neural message to other cells.

Answer 9

Axon

Question 10

part of the lower brain that controls and coordinates involuntary, rapid, fine motor movement.

Answer 10

Cerebellum

Question 11

chemical found in the synaptic vesicles which, when released, has an effect on the next cell.

Answer 11

Neurotransmitter

Question 12

process by which neurotransmitters are taken back into the synaptic vesicles.

Answer 12

Reuptake

Question 13

a group of several brain structures located under the cortex and involved in learning, emotion, memory, and motivation

Answer 13

Limbic

Question 14

bundles of axons coated in myelin that travel together through the body.

Answer 14

Nerves

Question 15

branch-like structures that receive messages from other neurons.

Answer 15

Dendrites

Question 16

endocrine gland found in the neck that regulates metabolism.

Answer 16

Thyroid

Question 17

chemicals released into the bloodstream by endocrine glands.

Answer 17

Hormones

Question 18

thick band of neurons that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres.

Answer 18

Corpuscallosum

Question 19

brain structure located near the hippocampus, responsible for fear responses and memory of fear.

Answer 19

Amygdala

Question 20

part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 20

Central