Part 3

Question 1

Neurogenic Referred Pain

Answer 1

Head ache referred pain from upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid trigger points. Mostly back of head and forehead areas

Question 2

Neurogenic Referred Pain Causes

Answer 2

Direct head trauma Contra-coup concussion Tumor CVA with brain swelling

Question 3

Neurogenic Referred Pain Precautions

Answer 3

Avoid head dependent positions Monitor blood pressure

Question 4

Neurogenic Referred Pain Treatment

Answer 4

Specific treatment parameters as per PT plan of care

Question 5

Muscle Tension Head Ache

Answer 5

Sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius

Question 6

Muscle Tension Head Ache Causes

Answer 6

Postural over strain Repetitive over use Tension/anxiety hypertonus – flight or flight muscle tone readiness.

Question 7

Muscle Tension Head Ache Treatment

Answer 7

Postural training – modalities and procedures – biofeedback – ergonomics and skills training

Question 8

TMJ Treatment

Answer 8

Wear a splint or mouth guard Exercise your jaw to prevent headache Stretch regularly Alleviate stress in your life Posture Don’t clench your jaws.

Question 9

TMJ Treatment

Answer 9

Postural strengthening – mobility and alignment training Soft tissue mobilization Very careful not to compress or irritate the trigeminal nerve or facial nerves Be aware of the patient’s responses to STM Biofeedback and relaxation training Tension and anxiety control through exercise 3Mhz pulsed ultrasound Range of motion and movement control training Cool and warm packs

Question 10

Cervical Facet Inflammation/Arthritis

Answer 10

The symptoms of cervical headaches include pain that originates near the base of the skull, radiating upwards toward the forehead, eyes, or temples.

Question 11

Lymph is:

Answer 11

Transparent Colorless alkaline liquid Slightly less viscous than blood 96% water

Question 12

Lymph contains:

Answer 12

Proteins Lipids Carbohydrates Enzymes Urea Minerals Hormones Dissolved gases (e.g. CO2) Lymphocytes, macrophages Toxins, bacteria Body waste, cell debris

Question 13

Lymph travels

Answer 13

one-way system: flows only toward the heart

Question 14

Lymph originates as

Answer 14

plasma (fluid portion of blood)

Question 15

Arterial blood flows

Answer 15

out of the heart slows as it moves through a capillary bed

Question 16

This tissue fluid (aka intercellular or interstitial fluid), delivers

Answer 16

nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to the cells

Question 17

~ 90% of this tissue fluid flows

Answer 17

into the venules, where it enters venous circulation as plasma and continues in the circulatory system

Question 18

The remaining 10%

Answer 18

of the fluid that is left behind is now knows as LYMPH

Question 19

The lymph system works in conjunction and is part of the

Answer 19

Immune System Circulatory System Integumentary System

Question 20

The lymphatic system is broadly divided up into the:

Answer 20

1) Lymphoid Tissue 2) Conducting System (Circulation)

Question 21

LYMPHOID TISSUE

Answer 21

Primarily involved in immune responses and consists of lymphocytes, and other WBCs enmeshed in connective tissue through which the lymph passes (lymph nodes).

Question 22

CONDUCTING SYSTEM

Answer 22

Carries the lymph and consists of tubular vessels that include the lymph capillaries, lymph vessels, and the right and left thoracic ducts

Question 23

Lymphangions

Answer 23

Small pump like segments within the larger lymph vessel generate a lymph vessel contraction to move the lymph up toward the thorax

Question 24

Thoracic Duct

Answer 24

Largest lymphatic vessel in the body Aka Left Lymphatic Duct Starts at the level of L2, forms cisterna chyli & extends to the root of the neck Curves posteriouly to the left at C7 level Empties into the junction of left subclavian v.

Question 25

Thoracic Duct Collects most of the lymph in the body EXCEPT from the:

Answer 25

RUE R chest Neck and head Lower left lobe of lung **above collected from the Right Lymphatic Duct**