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Nutrition > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

0
Q

What is complementary protein

A

Two or more protein foods whose amino acid composition complements each other so that the essential amino acids missing from each are supplied

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1
Q

What’s are amino acids used to synthesize

A

For protein synthesis

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2
Q

Nitrogen equilibrium

A

The amount Of nitrogen excreted equals the amount of nitrogen Eaten in protein. The diet contains enough or more to meet body needs for protein

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3
Q

What are the essential amino acids

A

Histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine threonine tryptophan and valine

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4
Q

What type of food provides all the essential amino acids

A

Soy, meat, poultry, fish and dairy products

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5
Q

Where does the absorption of amino acids take place

A

Go from intestinal lumen to capillaries to portal vein to liver

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6
Q

What is the disease kawashiorkor

A

A malnutrition caused by not getting enough protein in your diet.

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7
Q

What is PKU (Phenylketonuria)

A

Error of metabolism ( recessive) inherited disease. Phenylalanine levels are normal at birth but increase during first weeks defects must be found close to the birthed child could be mentally retardant

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8
Q

Dietary supplements for athletes

A

Mineral vitamins herbs

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9
Q

Best method for determine status for children

A

Best to look how the child grows through the years

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10
Q

Define basal metabolism

A

The rate of energy expenditure by humans and other animals at rest

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11
Q

What is the specific dynamic action of food

A

The amount of energy expenditure above the resting metabolic rate due to the cost of processing food for use and storage

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12
Q

What is the most reliable method of dietary assessment

A

Keep a food diary or record for 3 to 7 days more reliable than the 24 recall

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13
Q

What is the most accurate way to measure percent body fat

A

Bod pod

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14
Q

The most accurate way to measure percent body fat

A

Best method would be to measure body fat directly, but this is only done in cadavers.

Body mass index is the best

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15
Q

1 pound of fat how many calories

A

3500 calories

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16
Q

Are all chemicals in food bad

A

No. Food is made up of chemicals

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17
Q

What is the suggested weight loss per week for the average person doing diet and exercise

A

2lbs per week

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18
Q

Acid vinegar is going to help you dissolve body fat

A

Yes makes your body burn more calories and store less fat

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19
Q

What do you diet pills do for you

A

Arginine will stimulate growth hormones only if the arginine is injected

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20
Q

What was the diet pills sold on the West Coast that caused people to die

A

Too much potassium causes heart problems

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21
Q

What is cellulite

A

Inflammation subcutaneous connective tissue

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22
Q

What is Brown fat (BAT)

A

Brown adipose tissue. Can burn fat and release it in heat.

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23
Q

Wat is the function of folate

A

1 cell reproduction and growth
2 coenzyme function is to carry 1 carbon throughout the body
3 rapidly dividing cells used for DNA (intestinal villi regenerated every 3 days)

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24
Q

Why do u need vitamin C

A

Synthesis of collagen (protein holding cells together) which is found in tenders cartilage none skin.

Needed for wound healing!

25
Q

How much tryptophan makes 1g of niacin

A

60mg of tryptophan equals 1g of niacin

26
Q

What do you lose if you dnt eat

A

First u lose water weight then muscle

27
Q

What is the function of B vitamins

A

Needed to help breakdown carbohydrates for energy.

Supports normal appetite

Needed for the normal functioning of the nervousness system

28
Q

What’s true about water soluble vitamins

A

Vitamin B 1 and vitamin C

29
Q

What are fat soluble vitamins

A

Vitamins A D E K

30
Q

What’s the most unstable vitamin

A

Vitamin C

31
Q

Milk is a good source of what vitamin

A

Tryptophan

32
Q

Function of B12

A

Only in meat stores for a year

Makes protected sheath around nerve cells

Makes DNA and works with folate

33
Q

Phytochemicals

A

Number in the thousands

34
Q

What foods have Pantothenic acid in them

A

In everything you eat

35
Q

What’s a megadose of vitamins

A

For water soluble it can be purged through the kidneys

Fat soluble vitamins will b used and then stores for later

36
Q

What is vitamin O

A

Salt water

37
Q

Why might the Orange juice u buy in the store is low in vitamin C

A

B/c vitamin c is unstable and deplete fast in the process and on traveling to the store

38
Q

Where do you find prebiotics

A

Jerusalem artichoke tubers, onion, leeks, some grains and honey

39
Q

Where do you find vitamin C

A

Found in broccoli citrus fruit and juice green and red peppers turnip greens kiwi strawberries cantaloupe and even potatoes

40
Q

Where is vitamin E found

A

Vegetable oils brown rice whole wheat, oats yeast, wheat germ, almonds, nuts seeds

41
Q

Functional food

A

Any modified food it food ingredient that may provide a health benefit beyond the traditional nutrients it contains

42
Q

Where do u find probiotics

A

Foods that contain low microorganism that may beneficially affect a person by improving there intestinal tract.

Mostly only dairy products fluid mild and yogurt

43
Q

Y are petrochemicals good

A

Some are antioxidants protecting against cell damage

Found in plants naturally

44
Q

What does the US of agriculture do for us

A

School lunch supplemental diets

45
Q

Does your body store protein

A

No if your are starving your liver can metabolize it

46
Q

Wat are common characteristics of water soluble vitamins

A

Easily digested, absorbed and not stored but you can’t have tissue saturation

(Heat and air decrease vitamins to some extent)

47
Q

Can you have vitamin toxicity

A

Most vitamins are excreted through urine you can only have toxic levels if you take too many supplements

48
Q

Major function of the vitamin

A

part of coenzymes..when eating food it will be broken down into tiny parts and Built back up inside the body to make whatever you need to live

49
Q

Bio engendered food

A

Taking food and making more of it

50
Q

What are photochemical

A

Gives taste color and aroma (in fruit and veggies)

51
Q

What does antioxidants do

A

How protect cells from being destroyed by O2

52
Q

Where is pantothenic found

A

In all foods

53
Q

What does biotin do

A

Synthesize in the intestines

54
Q

Folate

A

In leafy greens…need for growth makes DNA women need 2x more wen prego (greens orange juice organic meat)

55
Q

B-6

A

Need fire red blood cells
Neurotransmitter
In all animal foods

56
Q

B-1 thiamin

A

Breaks down carbs for energy..needed to get energy from muscle glycogen

Supports appetite

Needed for nervous system

57
Q

What increases the need for thiamin (b-1)

A

Exercise and high carb diet

58
Q

B-2 (riboflavin)

A

Needed for eyes and skin health

Need b-2 for the function of b-6 and niacin

59
Q

Niacin functions

A

Energy for carbs and fats (as all B vitamins)

Tissue respiration

Supports health of skin nervous system and digestive track

60
Q

Function of B-6 (pyridoxine)

A

Metabolism of protein/lipids and nucleic acid

61
Q

Vitamin E

A

In veggie oil brown rice whole wheat

Nutrition (3 decks)

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