29. Selection of clinical laboratory tests in renal diseases

Question 1

What are the Blood and Urine Tests for Renal Diseases?

Answer 1

1. Creatinine Clearance
2. pH of Urine
3. Urine Protein
4. Glomerular Filtration Rate
5. Blood Urea Test

Question 2

1| What is the Reference Range for Creatinine Clearance?

Answer 2

1.33 - 3 ml / s

Question 3

1| What Causes HIGH Creatinine Clearance?

Answer 3

Strenuous Exercise

Muscle Injury = Crushing Injuries

Burns

Carbon Monoxide

Poisoning

Hypothyroidism

Pregnancy

Question 4

2| What Causes LOW Creatinine Clearance?

Answer 4

Kidney Damage from:

• Life-Threatening Infection
• Shock
• Cancer
• LOW Blood Flow to Kidneys
• ## Urinary Tract BlockageHeart Failure

Dehydration

Liver Cirrhosis

Question 5

2| What is the Purpose of Measuring the pH of Urine?

Answer 5

For Urinary Tract Infections

Control of Nephrolithiasis Treatment

Question 6

2| How is pH of Urine Measured?

Answer 6

Spontaneous Urine Portion

At Least 6x for 24hr

AFTER EACH Meal, including NIGHT TIME

Question 7

2| What does a HIGH pH Level Indicate (Alkaline)?

Answer 7

Urinary Tract Infection

MORE than 7 - 8

Question 8

2| What does a LOW pH Level Indicate (Acidic)?

Answer 8

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Cardiac Failure

Starvation

Gout

Renal Tuberculosis

LESS than 5

Question 9

3| What is the Reference Range of Urine Protein?

Answer 9

UP-TO 150 mg / 24hr

Question 10

3| What does a Range of MORE than 1g / 24 Hr Indicate?

Answer 10

Parenchymal Renal Disease

Question 11

4| What is Measured in the Glomerular Filtration Rate?

Answer 11

Blood Creatinine Test

Question 12

4| What is the Glomerular Filtration Rate?

Answer 12

Amount of Blood Filtered by Glomeruli

PER Minute

Question 13

4| What causes a DECREASED GFR?

Answer 13

Kidney Function Failure

DUE to Damage / Disease

Waste Products ACCUMULATE in Blood

Question 14

5| What is the Indication of Blood Urea Test?

Answer 14

Patients on Haemodialysis

Patients with Acute / Chronic Renal Failure

Control of Food Intake in Patients with CRF

Question 15

5| What is the Urea Serum Level in MALE?

Answer 15

3.2 - 8.2 mmol / L

Question 16

5| What is the Urea Serum Level in FEMALE?

Answer 16

2.6 - 7.2 mmol / L

Question 17

5| What is the Cause of a HIGH Urea Level?

Answer 17

Kidney Injury / Disease = FROM Diabetes

Question 18

5| What Conditions are Associated with HIGH Urea Levels?

Answer 18

Uraemia

Azotaemia

Question 19

5| What is the Value of Uraemia?

Answer 19

ABOVE 50 mmol / L