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World History > Rome Civil War Notes > Flashcards

Rome Civil War Notes Flashcards

0
Q

Tiberius: lower class (plebeians) were suffering

A

Tiberius Grachhus was elected as tribune of the plebeians

He promised land reform

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1
Q

What did Tiberius Grachhus notice of the plebeians

A

He noticed that the lower class was suffering

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2
Q

Tiberius: plebeians: he promised land reform

A

Wanted to limit amount of land each person could own
Wanted to rebuild the farming class by redistributing land
Tiberius Grachhus and hundreds of his followers were murdered

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3
Q

Gaius Grachhus and reform

A

Gaius was elected tribune in 122 bc, about 10 years after his brother was murdered
Wanted land reform
Wanted the govt to sell to poor at reduced prices
Wanted a public works company to employ the poor
Wanted to decrease the senates power
Riots erupted. In 121 bc he was killed along with thousands of supporters

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4
Q

What were the two differing parties that continued to argue

A

Optimates

Populares

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5
Q

Who were the optimates

A

Senatorial party

Wanted to maintain the position and power of the wealthy patrician class, aka the status quo

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6
Q

Populares

A

Peoples party
Had its strength in the Assembly
Wanted reforms

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7
Q

Why did military dictators come to power?

A

Constant fighting time between rich and poor
Restlessness in the provinces
Big slave rebellions (Spartacus)
Barbarian invasions (though not as serious as they became in the era of the empire)
The people needed strong leadership

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8
Q

Facts about gaius Marius

A 
A leader of the populares
Successful military victories
Elected consul 7 times
Wanted army reform 
struggled with Lucius Sulla for power
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9
Q

Gaius Marius wanted army reform

A

Formed a paid, volunteer, official army staffed by Romes landless people(no more property qualifications)
Soldiers shared in the spoils of war and earned pension upon completion of their service

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10
Q

Lucius Sulla who was he?

A 
Patrician member of senate
Optimates
Military victories
Marius and his supporters come to power in Rome while Sulla was away
Sulla ruled as dictator for 3 years
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11
Q

When Marius and his supporters came to power in Rome while Sulla was away

A

Killed many optimates in the senate
Sulla came back to Rome in 82 bc
Sulla killed thousands of Marius’ followers and condiscated their property as booty for his troops

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12
Q

Sulla ruled as dictator for 3 years

A

Gave senate back control of the concern meant the retired from public life

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13
Q

Gneieus pompeius Magnus

A

A general under Sulla

Military victories

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14
Q

Marcus Crassus

A

General who defeated Spartacus

Became wealthy by devious means

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15
Q

Gaius Julius Caesar

A

Military victories

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16
Q

Caesars military victories

A

59-51 bc: brought Gaul(roughly modern day France) under Romes rule

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17
Q

3 people in the first triumvirate

A

Pompey Magnus
Marcus Crassus
Julius Caesar

18
Q

Pompey’s perk and what he became leader of

A

Soldiers

Leader of Italy

19
Q

Marcus Crassus perk and leader of what

A

Money

Romes eastern provinces

20
Q

Julius Caesars perk and consul of what

A

Popularity

Consul of Gaul

21
Q

Trouble in paradise

A

53 bc: Crassus killed in battle against Parthians

Pompey was jealous of the success Caesar was having in Gaul

22
Q

53 bc: Crassus killed in battle of the Parthians

A

This ended the first triumvirate

23
Q

Pompey was jealous of the success ceasar was having jm Gaul

A

Pompey talked to the senate into demanding that Caesar return to Rome as a private citizen(without his troops)

24
Q

Crossing the rubicon

A

Caesar had to make a decision

Caesar led his troops across the rubicon river

25
Q

Caesar had to make a decision.

A

Following the senates orders= powerlessness before Pompey

Disobeying the senates orders=violating roman law

26
Q

Caesar chases Pompey to Egypt

A

Pompey flees to Greece
Pompey flees to Egypt
Caesar meets cleopatra VI of Egypt

27
Q

Pompey flees to Greece

A

Caesar went after him, defeating Pompey in Pharsalus

28
Q

Pompey flees to Egypt

A

Ptolemy XIII, knowing Caesars army was in pursuit of Pompey, killed Pompey rather than give him shelter
Ptolemy later presented Pompeys head to Caesar

29
Q

Caesar meets cleopatra

A

Had son with cleopatra, Caesarian, born in 47 bc

30
Q

Veni vedi vici

A

What Caesar sent to Rome
Military victories left Caesar as sol ruler of Rome
Mark Antony was Caesars right hand man

31
Q

What does veni vedi vici mean

A

I came
I saw
I conquered

32
Q

What does Marc Antony do for Caesar

A

Helps him get to Rome

33
Q

Caesars reforms

A

Distributes land to roman citizens

Reformed the calendar(the “Julian” calendar with 365 days)

34
Q

Dictator for life

A

Senate dislikes many of Caesars reforms and feared his popularity and power
Something big happened on the idea of March

35
Q

On the idea of March

A

Caesar was stabbed to death (23 times at least)

Among the conspirators was Brutus

36
Q

Who was Brutus

A

Brutus was a descendent of the traditional founder of the Roman Republic and Cassius one of the leading Statesmans of the republic

37
Q

Chaos and more Civil War

A

Cesar left is fortunate was great nephew Octavian
Second triumvirate was formed
They split the rule of the Empire

38
Q

Who made up the second triumvirate

A

Octavian
Mark Antony
Lepidus

39
Q

Splitting the rule of the Empire

A

Octavian took Italy Rome and gaul

Mark Anthony took Egypt and the East Lepidus took Spain in Africa

40
Q

Octavian versus Mark Antony

A

Lepidus attempted to take Sicley from Octavian resulting in the loss of most of his offices and all of his power
Mark Anthony made problematic alliances and ignored roman dictates for the east
in 32 BC Octavian’s forces attacked Egypt

41
Q

In 32 BC Octavian’s forces attacked Egypt

A

In 31 BC the battle of acting happened when Mark Anthony’s fleet was destroyed

42
Q

Lepidus attempted to take Sicley from Octavian resulting in the loss of most of his offices and all his power

A

Lepidus would live his life in obscurity and die and 13 BC the last pontifex Maximus to not be an emperor or part of the Imperial family

43
Q

Mark Anthony made problematic alliances and ignored Romes dictates for the east

A

Mark Antony formed a relationship with Cleopatra in Egypt

Mark Antony offended Rome by going ‘native’

World History (13 decks)

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