Surveillance 2: Laboratory based disease surveillance: APHA Flashcards
Who carriers out UK veterinary disease surveillance?
Animal owner Veterinary practices Livestock Industry Orgnaisations Universities Abattoirs Diagnostic labs (APHA, SRUC, AFBI, AHT, IAH) VMD International disease monitoring (OIE, FAO, EFSA)
What were veterinary invesitgation centres formerly?
Veterinary Laboratories Agency. Executive agency of DEFRA since 1995. Merged with AH, FERA, APHA. PME centres in England and Wales.
Name 3 methods of diagnostic surveillance by vets
- ) PME of carcass
- ) Postal samples
- ) Advice on disease diagnosis and control
How much does it cost to PME an adult sheep/pig/deer?
Tests and disposal = £87 + VAT but this is heavily subsidised by tax payers.
kWhat use is submissiion of a carcase of PME for National Veterinary Disease Surveillance?
Endemic disease level Animal welfare issue notifiable disease novel disease Zoonosis chemical threat to food chain AMR Adverse reaction
What does HAIRS stand for?
Human Infection Risk Surveillance
What are the 2 features of scanning surveillance within APHA?
Standardised data collection (via submission forms and farmfile database) Quality control (via accredited laboratory testing facilities)
What is a VIO?
Veterinary Investigation Officer
Define CPH
County Parish Holding number
What does the farmfile database allow?
Active surveillance - statutory and emergency response
Passive surveillance
What is a DNR and what happens?
DNR = Diagnosis not reached. Quaterly and annual trends are analysed. The change in %DNR for each body system/syndrome is monitored and compared with mean of previous 4 years. The results and analysed and interpreted and people and informed and advised to act as appropriate. You should target farms with continuing unexplained disease for further investigation. e.g. by doing follow up carcase submissions FOC.
What does FOC mean?
Free of charge
What is passive surveillance?
= scanning surveillance. It is information generated from diagnostic testing and necropsy examinations.
What is targeted surveillance?
A more active approach resulting from scientific research into new diseases or changes in recognised diseases identified by scanning results.
When is targeted surveillance used?
Notifiable diseases Zoonotic diseases Novel diseases AMR Import testing
