Lab Exam-Lab 3 Flashcards
What percent of plasma is water and what percent are solids?
90% water, 10% solids
What percent of the plasma (part of the solids) are proteins and what percent are electrolytes?
8% proteins, 2% electrolytes
Define sedimentation rate
measures how quickly RBC settle in a test tube in one hour
What are the uses of sedimentation rate?
to determine whether a condition causing inflammation is present, and to determine pregnancy (sedimentation rate decreases because blood volume is higher)
Define hematocrit
‘to separate blood’. measures the volume of RBC compared to total blood volume
Define buffy coat
WBC and platelets in a hematocrit
What is a normal hematocrit level for newborns?
up to 60%
What is a normal hematocrit level for adult males?
40-54%
What is a normal hematocrit level for adult females?
36-46%
Define coagulation
blood clotting.
platelets produce a substance that combines with Ca ions to form THROMBOPLASTIN, which converts PROTHROMBIN into THROMBIN, which converts FIBRINOGEN into FIBRIN (causes blood plasma to gel)
What is another name for platelets?
thrombocytes
What diseases are associated with a low platelet count?
autoimmune disease (antibodies attack platelets), genetic disorders (haemophilia), chemotherapy, leukemia, and viral infections
What diseases are associated with a high platelet count (thrombocytosis)?
more vulnerable to blood clots. essential thrombocythemia causes overproduction of platelets. causes stroke, heart attack, and formation of clots in arms and legs
What are the 5 types of WBC?
neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes
Which WBC are granulocytes?
neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils