2A - Cell Structure and Division

Question 1

Briefly descibe a prokaryotic cell

Answer 1

A prokaryotic cell is a single-celled organism. It is a prokaryotic organism.

Pokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler [than eukaryotic] e.g. bacteria.

Question 2

Briefly describe a eukaryotic cell

Answer 2

Eukaryotic cells are complex and include all animal and plant cells, as well as all cells in algae and fungi.

(A eukaryotic organism is made up of eukaryotic cells.)

Question 3

What are organelles?

Answer 3

Organelles are parts of cells - each one has a specific function.

Question 4

Draw an animal cell and label 11 organelles.

Answer 4

Labels:

• Plasma (cell surface) membrane
• Rough endoplasmic reticulum
• Nucleolus
• Nucleus
• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
• Lysosome
• Ribosome
• Nuclear envelope
• Gogli apparatus
• Cytoplasm
• Mitochondrion

Question 5

Name 3 features of a plant cell that aren’t in an animal cell.

Answer 5

• A cellulose wall with plasmodesmata (‘channels’ for exchanging substances with adjacent cells)
• A vacuole (compartment that contains cell sap)
• Chloroplasts

Question 6

Name something you might find in a plant cell that aren’t actually organelles.

What is their function?

Answer 6

Starch Grains

Plants use starch grains to store excess sugars.

Question 7

Draw and label a plant cell

(13 labels)

Answer 7

-Plasma (cell surface) membrane

-Chloroplast

-Rough endoplasmic reticulum

-Plasmodesmata

-Mitochondrion

Golgi apparatus

-Vacuole

• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleous
• Nucleolus
• Ribosome

-Cell Wall

Question 8

D