2a - People see, experience and understand place in different ways, this can also change over timePeople see, experience and understand place in different ways, this can also change over time

Question 1

Difference between space and place?

Answer 1

Space is a location (position in abstract space/material geography) and place is a location that has meaning (personal perceptions/social or cultural shared meanings)

Question 2

Space time compression -

Answer 2

reduction in time taken for something to reach another place (distant places are accessible and news travels globally)

Question 3

globalisation -

Answer 3

the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world economically, socially, politically and culturally

Question 4

global village -

Answer 4

breakdown of spacial barriers around the world - world is smaller and space is no longer a barrier for flows (people/ideas/tech), greater interconnectedness, communications

Question 5

Factors contributing to globalisation/time-space:

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Answer 5

• travel
• net trade - globalisation of goods, ideas, tech
• migration - culture
• large TNC

Question 6

How does globalisation/time-space affect place:

Answer 6

• more culture integration and languages = diverse identity
• commercialisation, generic - looses meaning and personalisation eg large chained corporations
• dislocation - loss of sense of place
• war - westernised people pushing out indigenous/local people
• faster interconnections
• increased economic and social relations
• TNCs = job opp enhancing places

Question 7

Why do Catalans have a strong emotional attachment to the place?

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Answer 7

• Money - they are v wealthy - they feel they are being robbed by Spain gap between pay in tax and get back in services is 10bn a yr
• Language - General Franco = no use of Catalan after democracy by 2001 its spoken by 75% pop and used in most schools but in 2010 Spanish courts rejected change to constitution =language did not get preferential status - many Catalans took this as an insult - strengthened pro independence
• Culture - their own traditions eg Castells - human towers, their own language and flag
• Architecture - Local building traditions - dry stone masonry has history, despite humble origins, plain tilted Catalan vaults have been used to create gently arched ceilings - employed by modern architects (decorative exuberance in Trencadis
• Food/drink - eastern - arros negre uses squid ink to flavour rice that has been grown in Ebro delta for 100s yrs
• Sport - Hiking and camping and exploring Catalonia landscape/countryside

Question 8

How does this level of emotional attachment to this place affect their behaviour?

Answer 8

• it has its own identity; culture and traditions so what’s to be independent from Spain - 2017 Catalan parliament declared independence
• encouraged referendum

Question 9

Age

How and why could these different elements of someone’s identity mean that they perceive places differently?

Answer 9

• perception changes as you get older - people move through a lifecycle (changing their residence) —> determines where you live based on income (due to age)
• the geographical features/facilities appear differently to diff ages
• E.g = PARK - child: place to play and ride bike, teenager: recreational activities eg skateboarding or social hangout

Question 10

Gender:

How and why could these different elements of someone’s identity mean that they perceive places differently?

Answer 10

• divisions of places reflect the way society sees male and female roles (woman - homelife and male - worklife until later 20th century)
• females excluded from certain spaces was seen as a key element of how males dominated and controlled society
• places isolated/dark or public transport at night = geography of fear - certain places can be perceived as unsafe = some people avoid places on the basis of their gender
• E.g = SPORTS MATCH - men: comfortable, dominated, rowdy/drunk Women: less comfortable, feel less safe

Question 11

Sexuality:

How and why could these different elements of someone’s identity mean that they perceive places differently?

Answer 11

• acceptance increases = places gain meaning where LGBT group - some cities have LGBT ‘zones’ eg Castro district ( lots of gay friendly restaurants, bars, clubs)
• create community within a place - feel safe/can be themselves
• E.g = GAY BARS - LGBT: comfortable, secure, expressible Heterosexual: out of place

Question 12

Religion:

How and why could these different elements of someone’s identity mean that they perceive places differently?

Answer 12

• has given locations spiritual meanings for millennia - natural landscapes sacred meaning
• locations given meaning through religious buildings eg synagogue, mosques, church
• many religious places associated with refuge, peace and healing
• E.g = AYERS ROCK in AUS - Aboriginals: cultural, personal creating stories, important Other: looks nice, no personal meaning

Question 13

Role:

How and why could these different elements of someone’s identity mean that they perceive places differently?

Answer 13

• influences your position, behaviour and attitude within society - influences prceptions of fear, insecurity and anxiety
• as we go through life, lose and gain roles = as we change so do perceptions of place
• E.g = at home you are a daughter/sister, at work you are an employee