2nd Exam Flashcards
(95 cards)
What artery carries blood to the kidneys?
Renal Artery
What 2 structures make up the renal corpuscle?
Glomerulus & Bowman’s Capsule
What structure brings blood to the renal corpuscle?
Afferent arteriole
What’s not filtered out in the formation of urine?
Red blood cells
Plasma proteins
How does the body regulate pressure to the renal corpuscle?
Smooth muscle of afferent and efferent arterioles
What is RPF?
Renal Plasma Flow; vol of blood plasma delivered to the kidneys per unit time
What is FF?
Filtration Fraction; proportion of fluid reaching the kidneys which passes into the renal tubules
What is the typical filtration fraction? Renal plasma flow?
FF= 20% RPF= 550 ml/min
RPFxFF=what?
GFR; glomerular filtration rate
Contracting the efferent arteriole would alter which factor: RPF or FF?
FF, would increase glomerular pressure
What are the 2 methods of altering RPF?
Increase cardiac output, dilate afferent arteriole
T/F: Fenestrae are small pores and slit pores are larger pores.
False: Fenestrae=large, slit pores=small
T/F: Excretion rates are less than filtration rates for most electrolytes like sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate.
True
T/F: Amino acids and glucose are completely reabsorbed from the tubules under normal conditions.
True
When excretion rate=filtration rate + secretion rate, what does this mean?
Solute is being excreted in large amounts in the urine, ex: drugs, organic acids & bases
What is the capillary filtration coefficient? (Kf)
Measure of permeability and surface area of the glomerular capillary
Normally functioning adults should have a ___ glomerular hydrostatic pressure, and a ___ filtration coefficient.
High glom HP, Large filtration coefficient
What is unique about the layers of the glomerular capillary membrane?
3 layers instead of normal 2; (endothelium, basement membrane, and epithelial layer of podocytes)
T/F: The positive charge of plasma proteins prevents it from exiting the glomerular capillary.
False: plasma proteins are negatively charged
The filtration barrier of glomerular capillary membrane is highly dependent on molecule __ and ____ ____.
molecule size and electrical charge
Albumin becomes filtered and is appearing in the urine, what is the likely cause?
Basement membrane lost it’s negative electrical charge and proteins were allowed to be filtered
Kf x Net filtration pressure equals what?
Kf (capillary filtration coefficient) x Net Filtration Pressure= Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
What are the 4 determining pressures of GFR?
- Hydrostatic Pressure of Glomerular Capillaries
- HP of Bowman’s Capsule
- Colloid Osmotic Pressure of Glom. Capillaries
- COP of proteins in Bowman’s Capsule
What pressure should be 0 if the body’s working properly?
Bowman’s Capsule Osmotic Pressure