2nd Test

Question 1

To have input and output files:

Answer 1

include LTfstreamGT

```
Use:
Ifstream (filename
Name things in the file;
Name another thing in the file;
String name;)
(Int score;)
~~~

Question 2

How to open a file:

Answer 2

FakeFileName.open(“RomeoJuliet.txt”);

Question 3

How to close a file:

Answer 3

FakeFileName.close();

Question 4

.eof()

Returns what?

Answer 4

End of file character.

Question 5

What does fin.get() do?

Answer 5

It gets a single character from a file.

Question 6

How to make an output file?

Answer 6

name the file:
ofstream nameOfFileThatYouWant;

Later…
open the file!
nameOfFileThatYouWant.open(“YeOldeRomeoJuliet.txt”)

Output to the file!
if (!fin.eof())nameOfFileThatYouWant LTLT c;

close the file!
nameOfFileThatYouWant.close(“YeOldeRomeoJuliet.txt”)

Question 7

How to make an input file?

Answer 7

name the file:

ifstream nameOfFileThatYouWant2;

Question 8

How to create a constant variable

Answer 8

before “using namespace std;”

write: const (data type) (VariableName) = (whatever you choose)

Question 9

Why are constant variables (named constants) useful?

Answer 9

You can quickly enter your program and change these key values quickly.

Question 10

Example of a switch statement:

Answer 10

Switch(variabe){
case 'w':
    statements;
    break;
case 'd':
    statements;
    break;
case 'a':
    statements;
    break;
default:
    statements;
    break;
}

Question 11

How to use reference variables?

Answer 11

Put a “&” sign in front of the parameters in a function!

This will pass the address of the “shoebox”, not just the value.

Question 12

What does the struct look like and do?

Answer 12

struct nameUChoose{
Int var1
Int var2
};

NameUChoose = localName;
localName.var1 = blah
LocalName.var2 = glop

This allows us to have multiple values in one place!

Question 13

What is a ppm?

Answer 13

Portable pixmap file

It allows us to make a graphics using text!

Question 14

How to do PPM:

Answer 14

P3 (this says it’s a ppm)
1 4 (this says 1 columns, 3 rows)
255 ((red, green, blue: RGB) 0 means no color, 255 is all color)
(then below you will denote the level of brightness for each element in the array:)
255 0 0 (this means the r= 255, g=0, b=0 - makes red!)
0 255 0 (makes green!)
0 0 255 (makes blue)
255 255 0 (make yellow)

Question 15

What does a struct always end with?

Answer 15

;

Question 16

How to do a condition (turnary) operator?

Answer 16

(condition) ? statement : statement

If the condition is true, the first statement will be read.
If the condition is false, the second statement will be read.

Question 17

How to use a switch statement:

Answer 17

Put:
switch(variable)
depending on what that variable is, put cases.
Each case will run unless you place “break;” in each cases followed by :’s

Question 18

What happens if you use a break statement in a for loop?

Answer 18

It will break out of the loop

Question 19

What happens is you use a continue statement in a for loop?

Answer 19

It will skip the rest of the code in that iteration and test the condition for the loop again.

Question 20

How to make a function an operator

Answer 20

Instead of a function name put: operator@

Where @ is the symbol you choose to be your operator.

Question 21

How to do absolute value?

Answer 21

Unsigned (data type);

Unsigned makes it always positive

Question 22

How to have a variable be remembered:

Answer 22

Make it static!

Ex: static int j = 42
j++;

If this is in a function, j will become 43, then if called again, j will become 44, etc.