3- Anaesthesia workshops Flashcards
(32 cards)
What drugs are in a triple premed
Opioid- e.g. methadone
Alpha-2- e.g. medetomidine
Ketamine- induction agent
What drugs are in a quad premed
midazolam, medetomidine, methadone and ketamine
When would a quad be used
Tends to be used in smaller kittens
List some ways to reduce stress in rabbits
Keep in separate room to predators
Bring them in with a companion
Feed own food and water bowls
How to prevent hypothermia in rabbit during anaesthesia
Have high surface area to volume ration
Warm water glove- hot hands
Heating pad- need a towel between it and the bunny
Foil on extremities
Warm room
Bear huggers
Only clip fur thats needed
Avoid using surgical spirt- use hibiscrub instead
How long do you starve your bird before the general anaesthesia
As long as it takes till the crop is empty
Can’t vomit when food has passed crop
2-3 hours ish- check before you do the surgery
What is important to remember when anaesthetising a bird
Pre-oxygenate before inducing
Why might a fracture of the birds humerus effect the respiratory tract?
Is a pneumatic bone:
- Increased risk of infection to respiratory tract- depends if fracture is open and closed to if you would give antibiotics
- Isoflurane could escape from fracture- so pregnant people should not be in the room, and ventilate the room well
How could you administer fluids to this bird whilst under general anaesthetic?
IV- medial metatarsal vein- good to use in birds
Interosseus- into a bone- Best in small birds
Subcutaneous fluids- if give at start of surgery then will be working by the time they are needed
Why do you need to ventilate a tortoise whilst under anaesthesia
Need to ventilate tortoises as they have no diaphragm so have to be manually ventilated when stationary
Why is it so important to keep the tortoise’s temperature as close to 30 degree Celsius as possible?
When cold will reduce metabolism- this will the drugs will take ages to leave their system
Immune system works best at optimum temperature
More likely to heal quick when in optimal temperature
Cooler they are the lower their respiratory rate
What does a medicine need to be on for you to be able to use it in a food producing animal
GB MRL register
What local anaesthetics are licensed in farm animals
procaine licensed
lidocaine also in register - but not licensed
Can you use lidocaine for cow epidural
isn’t licensed but on register
does not say contraindicated
Can you use procaine for cow epidural
is contraindicated but is the only licensed local in cows
When would you use xylazine in cows and what is the risk
As sedative if doing surgery on a wild cow
risk of the cow becoming recumbent- so have to use a very low dose
How can you tell if paravertebral block worked in cow
Cow spine should bend towards the side you have blocked
Vasodilation of skin occurs so will seem more steam off the cow, skin very hot
Where do you block when performing a paravertebral block
T13, L1 and L2
If you are going to remove the eye of a horse what block would you use
retrobulbar as this goes behind the eye
List 2 local anaetshetics that are licensed in horses
lidocaine
procaine
mepivacaine
Which alpha-2 agonists are licensed for use in horses
xylazine
detomidine
romifidine
How can you make sure you have inflated cuff of ET tube adequately
Listen over animals head, close valve on breathing system, squeeze breathing bag and inject air until stop hearing the leak of the air
How can you prevent overinflation of ET cuff
use Monometer
When would you use a cuffed tube for a cat GA
In a dental or whenever there may be secretions in the back of the mouth
