3- Monitoring Part 1

Question 1

Give 2 reasons why we monitor patients.

Answer 1

Prevent patient response to surgical stimulation (nociception)

Detect abnormalities before they turn into major complications

Aim to keep patient as close to physiological norm as poss

Maintain tissue perfusion & oxygenation to improve patient outcome

Question 2

How much damage does a kidney need to have for it to show a problem on blood work?

Answer 2

65-70%

Question 3

Give 2 causes of decreased tissue perfusion

Answer 3

Bad blood flow (Decreased BP, Reduced HR, Anaemia, Haemorrhaging)

Reduced oxygen/nutrients (pulmonary disease, obese patient on back, equipment failure, decreased HR/RR)

Question 4

What do we aim in anaesthesia to do regarding cerebral depression?

Answer 4

Depress cerebral conscious perception areas but maintain the hind brain functions which keep the patient alive

Question 5

What are the 3 hypos that are likely to occur in anaesthesia?

Answer 5

Hypotension
Hypothermia
Hypoventillation

Question 6

What 3 factors can you check when establishing depth of anaesthesia

Answer 6

Jaw tone
Palpebral reflex
Eye position

Question 7

What can anaesthetic drugs cause

Answer 7

cardiac depression
Respiratory depression
decreased homeostasis

Question 8

What should you presume about kidney function for every anaesthetised patient

Answer 8

That they only have 30% of their kidney function

Question 9

What can dilated pupils mean during anaesthesia

Answer 9

too much CNS depression

Question 10

Which drug can increase jaw tone

Answer 10

ketamine as it increases muscle tone

Question 11

What are the 2 common ways of checking a patients temp during anaesthesia

Answer 11

simple rectal thermometer
an oesophageal temp probe