3) aorta Flashcards
(15 cards)
where precisely is the asceding aorta located?
in the middle mediastinum, intrapericardially
ascends from aortic orifice or left verntricle to sternal angle - CC3 to CC2
which artery fills during ventricular diastole + where does it branch from?
the right + left coronary arteries branching from the ascending aorta - during systole, when th eleft venticle contracts it pushes the aortic valves against the coronary artery openings - closing them - when the heart relaxes - diastoles - the coronary arteries open + fill w/ blood
where precisely is the arch of aorta located?
in the superior mediastinum - begins at right sternocostal joint (at T4/T5 junction) - rises superoposteriorly to the left
decends + ends behind left sternocostal angle - becoming the descending aorta
arches over left bronchus + bifurcation of pulmonary trunk
brnches of the arch of aorta
brachiocephalic trunk - largest, behind manubrium of sternum - bifurcates into right subclavian + right common carotid
left common carotid
left subclavian
what muscle divides the subclavian + into how many parts?
scalenus anterior muscle divides it in 3
most branches arise from first part
third part becomes axillary artery + supplies upper limb
which ligament stretches between pulmonary trunk + aortic arch + what is it a remnant of?
ligamentum arteriosum - remnant of ductus arteriosus which bypassed lungs in developing embryo
what does recurrent mean in regards to vessels?
a recurrent vessel is one which moves in opposite direction to the vessel it branched from
which nerve supplies the intrinsic muscles of the larynx and from where does it arise?
what intrinsic musce does it NOT supply?
recurrent laryngeal nerves branching from th evagus nerves
they don’t supply the cricothyroid muscles
what is the leading cause of death globally + what does it constitute?
how is it treated?
coronary artery disease - accumulation of atherosclerotic plague in coronary artery
reduced blood flow to heart muscle - sudden chest pain radiating to left arm
if over 70% blocked a stunt won’t work + a by-pass must be performed
what processes occur during an aneurism of the ascending aorta?
localised dilation can develop as walls not reinforced by fibrous pericardium - as wall thins it becomes susceptible to rupture or dissection - when blood fills wall of vessel + splits it in 2
what condition causes an individual to be more susceptible to an aneurism of the ascending aorta?
marfan’s syndrome - genetic disorder of connective tissue - must regularly get check ups
what condition can blunt chest trauma and deceleration trauma cause?
mediastinal haemotoma - bleed in mediastinum
where precisely is the thoracic aorta located?
in the posterior mediastinum - begins on left at level of T4 + decsends to T12 - stays left but moves towards midline to lie on vertebral column - displacing oesophogus to the right
where does the thoracic aorta enter the abdomen?
what other structures pass through here?
through the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm at level T12 - the thoracic duct + azygos veins also travel through here
name the congenital condition which constitutes a narrowing of the aorta?
where does it usually occur?
what are the repurcussions?
what are the signs?
coarctation of the aorta
usually in the area where ductus arteriosus inserts
left ventricle has to work harder
radio-femoral pulse delay - femoral delayed compared to radial
arterial hypertension in right arm but regular BP in lower extremities
