3. Brainstem Flashcards
(29 cards)
Which cranial nerve are not associated with the brain stem?
CN I, III
Define nucleus
Cluster of cell bodies located within the CNS that perform the same function and many the same connections
Define tract
Group of axons from the neurons of a nucleus (group of cell bodies)
Define cluster
A group of nuclei that are close together and may be interconnected
Ex: thalamus
Define formation
A group of nuclei that are more disperse; not in close proximity.
Ex: reticular formation
Name the CN
O, O, O, To Touch And Feel A Girl’s Vagina, Ah Heaven
I. Olfactory II. Ophthalmic III. Oculomotor IV. Trochlear V. Trigeminal VI. Abducens VII. Facial VIII. Acoustic IX. Glossopharyngeal X. Vagus XI. Accessory XII. Hypoglossal
Name each cranial nerve and what part if the brain stem is it associated with?
Medbrain
CN III, IV
Pons
CN V, VI, VII, VIII
Medulla
CN IX, X, XI, XII
Which brain structure acts as the pathway for ascending and descending fiber tracts between the brain and the spinal cord?
Medulla
The major motor controlling tract (corticospinal tract) of the limbs and trunk, fine movement of hands and fingers is located here
What reflex centers are present in the medulla ?
Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Vestibular
What is decussation and where does it happen?
Crossing of the motor tracts
Happens in the medulla
A damage to a tract prior to decussation will affect what part of the body?
The opposite side of the body
If damage is to the right side before decussation then the left side of the body will be affected; contralateral
Damage to a tract after decussation will affect what part of the body ?
It will affect the same side
If the left side of the tract was damaged after decussation then the left side will be affected; ipsilateral
Name landmarks of the medulla
Pyramids (axons) Olives (cell bodies) Reticular formation CN III, IV 4th ventricle
What do the olivary nuclei of the medulla contribute to?
Perception of time
Motor movement
Timing of movements
Function of pon?
Rate of breathing
Coordinated movements between the head and eyes
What are the subdivision of the pons?
Tegentum: cell bodies
-site of many CN nuclei and connection to the cerebellar peduncles
Base: axons descending to spinal cord
Landmarks of Pons
Reticular formation
4th ventricle
Cerebellar peduncles
CN V, VI, VII,VIII
Landmark of midbrain
CN III , IV cerebellar peduncle Tectum (Inferior & superior colliculi) Substantial nigra Red nucleus Crus cerebri Reticular formation
What makes up the tectum? And where is it found?
Inferior and superior colliculi
Found in the midbrain
Function of inferior colliculi
Relay from inner ear reflexive response to sound
Function of superior colliculi
Visual attention, tracking objects and focusing
Function of the midbrain
Eye movement and pupillary light reflex
Auditory and visual processing
What are the two pair of nuclei located in the midbrain?
Superior and inferior colliculi
Location and function of red nucleus ?
Located in the midbrain at the level of the superior colliculi
Function is controversial but probably motor with connection to cerebellum
